【摘要】 为降低天文潮位推算偏差对余水位改正法的影响，提出了顾及天文潮位推算偏差的余水位改正法。首先采用小波变换，将剥离天文潮位后的剩余水位分解为周期性的天文潮位推算偏差与受气象因素影响的非周期性余水位；进而根据两者特性，分别对周期性偏差实施最小二乘拟合、对非周期性余水位进行空间插值处理；最终结合潮汐模型复原水位。杭州湾区域的实验结果表明，相较于常规方法精度提升了28%,有效抑制了天文潮位偏差的不利影响，可为河口、海湾地区的余水位改正实践提供有益的技术参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 To decrease the inaccuracies in astronomical tide prediction that affect residual water level correction, this study introduces an improved method that explicitly accounts for astronomical tide prediction deviations. The proposed approach begins by applying wavelet transform to decompose the residual water level—obtained after removing astronomical tides—into periodic astronomical tide prediction errors and non-periodic residuals influenced by meteorological factors. Subsequently, least-squares fitting is applied to model the periodic deviations, while spatial interpolation handles the non-periodic residuals. The water level is then reconstructed by integrating these components with a tidal model. Validation in the Hangzhou Bay demonstrates a 28% enhancement in accuracy compared to conventional methods, effectively mitigating the impact of astronomical tide prediction biases. The method offers a reliable technical reference for residual water level correction in estuarine and coastal regions.更多还原