【摘要】 中国养牛历史悠久，伴随经济社会的快速发展，肉牛产业逐步从传统农耕役用为主向专业化、规模化、绿色可持续方向转型。从发展历程来看，中国肉牛产业历经“役牛”为主家庭副业阶段、扩群改良为主的发展初期、品种技术为带动的逐步发展期、产能阶段性下滑的低迷期、提质增效为重任的转型期五个阶段。从战略价值看，肉牛产业是保障国家食物安全的重要支撑，是巩固脱贫攻坚成果的主要产业，也是推动农业生产良性循环的关键环节。本文建议强化政策纾困与保障功能，提升良种覆盖率与种质改良，加强科技支撑与智能化管理，优化饲草供给与品质提升。更多还原

【Abstract】 China has a long history of cattle farming.With the rapid development of the economy and society, the beef cattle industry has gradually shifted from traditional agricultural labor to specialized, scaled, and green sustainable development.From the perspective of development history, the beef cattle industry in China has gone through five stages: the initial stage dominated by “draft cattle” as a household sideline, the early development stage focused on expanding herd and improving breeds, the gradual development stage driven by breed and technology, the depressed period in production capacity, and the transition period with the responsibility of improving quality and efficiency.Strategically, the beef cattle industry is a crucial sector for ensuring national food security, a key industry for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation, and a pivotal sector for achieving a virtuous cycle in agricultural production.It is recommended to strengthen policy support and guarantee functions for alleviating difficulties, improve the coverage of high-quality breeds and genetic improvement, emphasize technological support and intelligent management, and promote the supply and quality improvement of forage.更多还原