【摘要】 塑料垃圾老化降解衍生出的环境微塑料污染问题，是当前全球塑料污染治理面临的重大挑战之一。填埋场长期以来是处理固体废物的主要场所，场内累积的大量塑料垃圾随之成为陆地生态系统微塑料的重要来源。本文主要梳理了塑料垃圾的填埋发展历程及其在填埋过程中的演变，分析了填埋场微塑料的外部输入和内部产生过程，汇总了已报道的填埋场堆体（580～168000个/kg）、渗滤液（420～291000个/m~3）及其周边土壤（4～14200个/kg）和地下水（3000～27200个/m~3）中微塑料的丰度及结构组成特征，揭示了微塑料在垃圾-土壤-地下水系统中的迁移，以及在污染土壤或空气-植物-人体之间的传输途径。针对亟待开展的垃圾填埋场微塑料全链条环境风险评估及控制研究，提出了关键的科学技术问题和管理建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microplastic pollution arising from the aging and decomposition of plastic waste poses a significant challenge to global plastic pollution control. Landfills have been the primary disposal sites for solid waste for a long time, and the considerable amount of plastic waste accumulated in landfills has emerged as a crucial source of microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems. This paper mainly reviews the development of plastic waste landfilling and its evolution in the landfilling process, analyzes the external input and internal generation process of microplastics in landfills, and summarizes the abundance and structural composition characteristics of microplastics reported in the landfill piles(580-168 000 items/kg) and leachate(420-291 000 items/m~3) and the surrounding soils(4-14 200 items/kg) and groundwater(3000-27 200 items/m~3). This paper further reveals the migration of microplastics within the waste-soil-groundwater system, and the exposure routes of humans to microplastics through the contaminated soil, air, and edible plants. As the risks and control measures to the entire environmental process of microplastics in landfills urgently require investigation, this paper puts forward key scientific and technical issues and management suggestions.更多还原