【摘要】 尽管激光雷达技术迅速发展，但超长距离观测仍然是一个重大挑战。最近，2??m激光器因其穿过大气的高大气穿透能力和高潜在激光功率，被证明有可能应用于相干多普勒风激光雷达（CDWL）系统。在本文中，提出了一种2??m平衡探测器，由一对光电PIN二极管和低噪声跨阻抗电路组成。为了满足高带宽要求，利用高速跨阻抗电路和偏置电压调谐方法来克服PIN二极管的大电容。对电路传递函数、稳定性分析和噪声计算进行了研究。该探测器与数据采集模块共同封装，便于数据传输和偏置电压控制。然后在实验室评估了探测器的特性，包括带宽、噪声和偏置电压的影响。结果表明，平衡探测器背景噪声的均方根值为539??V，两个二极管的带宽分别为110.8 MHz和110.3 MHz。这满足了风测量要求，并允许通过偏置电压调谐实现更高的带宽，使得带宽相对于零偏压模式提升1.45倍。本工作为激光雷达探测器设计和带宽增强提供了见解，并为该领域的研究人员和专业人士提供了宝贵的参考，为未来的超远距离和星载2??m相干风激光雷达提供了关键器件支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Despite rapid advancements in lidar technology, extremely long-range observation remains a significant challenge. Recently, 2 ??m lasers have demonstrated a potential to be applied in CDWL(Coherent Doppler Wind Lidar) system, for its high atmospheric penetration capability through the atmosphere and high potential laser power. In this study, we present a 2 ??m balanced detector that consists of a pair of commercial positive-intrinsic-negative( PIN) diodes with a low-noise transimpedance circuit. To meet the high bandwidth requirements, the highspeed transimpedance circuit and bias voltage tuning method were utilized to overcome the large capacitance of PIN diodes. The circuit transfer function, stability analysis and noise calculation have been studied. The detector was co-packaged with a data acquisition module for convenient data transmission and bias voltage control. The characteristics of the detector, including bandwidth, noise and bias voltage influence, are evaluated in laboratory. Results show that the RMS value of the balanced detector background noise is 539 ??V and the bandwidths of the two diodes are 110. 8 MHz and 110. 3 MHz, respectively. The evaluation results show that the balanced detector meets the wind measurement requirements and allows for a 1. 45× increase in bandwidth through bias voltage tuning. Our work offers insights into lidar detector design and bandwidth enhancement, providing a valuable reference for researchers and professionals in the field. More importantly, it lays a critical foundation for future ultra-long-range and space-borne 2 ??m coherent wind lidar systems by addressing key device-level challenges.更多还原