【摘要】 目的 分析对比本院患者BALF tNGS及抗酸杆菌分离培养+基因芯片菌种鉴定法两种分枝杆菌菌种鉴定的结果，为快速诊断NTM-PD提供依据。方法 用tNGS及抗酸杆菌分离培养+基因芯片菌种鉴定法对127例疑似NTM-PD患者BALF标本进行检测，对两种方法的阳性率结果对比评价。结果 127例患者的BALF标本，tNGS检测出NTM阳性率81.1%，分离培养+基因芯片菌种鉴定阳性率85.8%,t NGS与分离培养+基因芯片菌种鉴定在NTM的检测能力Mc Nemer检测结果P=0.405>0.05，没有统计学差异，说明两种方法无差异。两种方法联合检测阳性率97.6%。78例两种方法鉴定为同一菌(群)符合率61.4%。结论 tNGS及分离培养+基因芯片菌种鉴定法对NTM检测的阳性率接近，tNGS检测出报告时间短、鉴别种类多且可至亚种，能为NTM-PD的诊断提供较大的临床参考价值，分离培养+基因芯片菌种鉴定可帮助修正NTM-PD的早期诊断，两种方法联合检测可提高阳性率，及早对NTM-PD作出诊断。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze and compare the results of targeted next-generation sequencing and acid-fast bacilli isolation culture+ Gene chip bacterial identification in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients in our hospital,so as to provide a basis for rapid diagnosis of NTM-PD. Methods Using targeted next-generation sequencing and acid-fast bacilli isolation culture + Gene chip bacterial identification on BALF samples from 127 suspected non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease patients,compare and evaluate the positive rate results of the two methods. Results Out of 127 patients’ BALF samples, 103 cases were detected as NTM positive by tNGS, with a positivity rate of 81.1%, and 109 cases were identified as NTM positive through isolation culture+ Gene chip bacterial identification, with a positivity rate of 85.8%, the detection abilities of tNGS and isolation culture+ Gene chip bacterial identification in NTM were compared using the ratio X2 test method, the McNemer test result showed P=0.405>0.05, with no statistically significant difference. There is no difference between the tNGS detection and isolation culture+ Gene chip bacterial identification. The positive rate of the combined detection of the two methods was 97.6%. 78 cases were identified as the same bacterial community using both methods, with a consistency rate of 61.4%. Conclusion The positive rates of NTM detection using tNGS and isolation culture+ Gene chip bacterial identification are similar. The detection of tNGS has a short reporting time, multiple types of identification, and can even reach subspecies, which can provide significant clinical reference value for the diagnosis of NTM-PD. Isolation culture+ Gene chip bacterial identification can help correct the early diagnosis of NTM-PD. The combined detection of two methods can improve the positivity rate and enable early diagnosis of NTM-PD.更多还原