【摘要】 肺部超声具有无创、便捷等优势，是围手术期呼吸与循环管理的重要监测工具。术前，肺部超声通过B线、肺滑动征等特征性声像评估肺水含量、肺不张程度，评估手术风险，为手术决策提供客观依据。术中，肺部超声可实时、可视化监测肺通气状态，有利于个体化机械通气策略的优化，可有效降低呼吸机相关肺损伤的发生风险，还可基于B线半定量分析实时指导液体容量管理。肺部超声在术后肺部并发症的预测中具有重要价值，可在临床症状出现前识别肺不张、胸腔积液等病理改变，结合膈肌功能的定量评估可精准预测脱机、拔管时机，缩短机械通气时间，降低呼吸系统并发症发生率。本文就肺部超声在围手术期应用的研究进展作一综述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lung ultrasound, with its advantages of being non-invasive and convenient, is an important monitoring tool for perioperative respiratory and circulatorly. Preoperatively, lung ultrasound evaluates lung water content and the degree of atelectasis through characteristic ultrasound features such as B-lines and lung sliding signs, providing an objective basis for surgical risk assessment and decision-making. Intraoperatively, lung ultrasound allows for real-time and visual monitoring of lung ventilation status to facilitate the optimization of individualized mechanical ventilation strategies, and effectively reduce the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury. It can also guide fluid volume management through semi-quantitative analysis of B-lines. Postoperatively, lung ultrasound holds a significant value in predicting pulmonary complications, enabling the identification of pathological changes such as atelectasis and pleural effusion before clinical symptoms appear, and it can accurately predict the timing for extubation, shorten mechanical ventilation duration, and reduce the incidence of respiratory system complications when combined with quantitative assessment of diaphragm function. This paper reviews the research progress of the application of lung ultrasound in the perioperative period.更多还原