【摘要】 目的 探究妊娠糖尿病（GDM）高危人群应用基于跨理论模型干预、低升糖指数（GI）谷物饮食联合干预后对妊娠结局的影响。方法 前瞻性选取2022年1月至2023年12月GDM高危人群120例，均采取常规护理，按照随机数字表法分组。对照组（60例）接受低GI谷物饮食干预，观察组（60例）在对照组基础上接受基于跨理论模型干预。比较两组GDM发生率、孕期体重变化、自我管理能力、妊娠结局情况。结果 干预后，观察组的GDM发生率、孕期体重增重均低于对照组；孕期体重增长合格率则较对照组高（P<005）。干预后，观察组自我管理能力评分高于对照组（P<005）孕妇、胎儿不良结局的发生率均低于对照组（P<005）。结论 低GI谷物饮食结合基于跨理论模型的干预，可显著降低GDM高危人群的GDM发生率、孕期增重，提高自我管理能力，减少不良妊娠结局。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of transtheoretical intervention,low glycemic index(GI) cereal diet and intervention on pregnancy outcome in high-risk population of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A prospective study was conducted on 120 high-risk individuals for GDM from January 2022 to December 2023,all of whom received routine care and were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table.The control group(60 cases) received low glycemic index(GI) cereal diet intervention,while the observation group(60 cases) received intervention based on a cross disciplinary model in addition to the control group.The incidence of GDM,changes in gestational weight,self-management ability,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results After the intervention,the incidence of GDM and weight gain during pregnancy in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the qualified rate of weight gain during pregnancy was higher than that in the control group(P <0.05).After intervention,the self-management ability scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P <0.05),the incidence of adverse outcomes in pregnant women and fetuses was lower than that in the control group(P <0.05).Conclusion The combination of low GI cereal diet and intervention based on cross theoretical models can significantly reduce the incidence of GDM and gestational weight gain in high-risk populations,improve self-management ability,and reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.更多还原