【摘要】 目的 深入探究预防性回肠造口患者自我管理阻碍和促进因素，为促进预防性回肠造口患者自我管理提供参考。方法 采用目的抽样法，对选取的13位预防性回肠造口患者进行半结构访谈，采用描述性现象学分析方法进行资料的收集和分析。结果 障碍因素共提炼出5个主题：自我护理知识技能缺乏、医务人员支持不足、心理痛苦（病耻感、社交疏离等）、经济压力倍增、精力限制。促进因素提炼出3个主题：感知到家人的温暖和支持、对造口还纳的期望、经验的逐步积累。结论 预防性回肠造口患者自我管理的影响是多方面的，医护人员应关注相关因素，采取针对性措施，通过知识、技能、心理、社会等多方面的延续性支持，促进患者积极进行自我管理，提升生存质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the hindering and promoting factors of self-management in patients with preventive ileostomy,and to provide reference for promoting self-management in patients with preventive ileostomy.Methods Thirteen patients with prophylactic ileostomy were interviewed by means of objective sampling.Descriptive phenomenological analysis was used to collect and analyze the data.Results The obstacle factors were summarized into 5 themes:lack of self-care knowledge and skills,insufficient support from medical staff,psychological pain(stigma,social distancing,etc.),increasing economic pressure and energy limitation.Three themes were identified as facilitators:the perceived warmth and support of family members,the expectation of ostomy restoration,and the gradual accumulation of experience.Conclusion The self-management of patients with preventive ileostomy is influenced by many aspects.Medical staff should pay attention to relevant factors,take targeted measures,and promote patients to actively carry out self-management and improve their quality of life through continuous support of knowledge,skills,psychology and society.更多还原