【摘要】 为探究施加穴贮砖对提高设施无花果产量、品质及土壤特性的作用，本试验以新疆和田地区设施内种植的5年生金傲芬无花果为研究对象，施用以有机肥和土壤改良剂为原材料的穴贮砖，研究其对南疆设施无花果光合作用、土壤氮磷钾含量及酶活性的影响。结果表明，与不施穴贮砖相比，施加穴贮砖显著提升了无花果果树叶片净光合速率和气孔导度日变化的最大值，净光合速率在上午12:00和下午16:00两个峰值分别提升了18.75%、21.75%；单果重、单株产量分别显著增加了19.79%、12.34%；显著提升了果实可溶性糖含量、糖酸比、果实横径、单果重以及单株产量，显著降低了可滴定酸含量；提高了无花果植株叶中的全氮含量及茎、叶中的全磷、全钾含量。穴贮砖的施用提高了20～40、40～60 cm土层中的全氮含量及0～20 cm土层中的全磷、全钾含量，其中20～40 cm土层中的碱解氮、速效磷含量分别显著提升22.77%、12.45%。综上所述，施加穴贮砖可有效提高南疆设施无花果产量及品质，对种植区土壤特性也有促进作用。本研究结果可为指导南疆设施无花果种植提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the effects of pit storage bricks on the yield, quality, and soil properties, 5-year-old fig trees(Jin’ao Fen) cultivated in facilities located in the Hotan region of Xinjiang were studied as experimental materials. The cave storage bricks, made from a combination of soil amendments and organic fertilizers, were applied to the planting holes of the trees, and their impact on photosynthetic activity, as well as soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels, and enzyme activity were evaluated. The results showed that the application of pit storage bricks significantly enhanced the maximum daily variations in stomatal conductance and leaf net photosynthetic rate. The net photosynthetic rate increased by 18. 75% at 12∶00 noon and 21. 75% at 4∶00 pm. Additionally, individual fruit weight and output per plant increased by 19. 79% and 12. 34%, respectively. The application of cave storage bricks greatly increased the soluble sugar content, sugar-acid ratio, fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, and the overall yield per plant of fruit trees, while significantly decreasing the titratable acid content. In addition, the total nitrogen content of fig leaves, as well as the total phosphorus and potassium content of stems and leaves, increased significantly. The application of cave bricks increased the total nitrogen content in the 20-40 and 40-60 cm soil layers, as well as the total phosphorus and total potassium content in the 0-20 cm soil layer. Notably, the alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus content in the 20-40 cm soil layer were significantly increased by 22. 77% and 12. 45%, respectively. In summary, the application of storage bricks can effectively enhance the yield and quality of fig production in southern Xinjiang, and promote the soil characteristics in the planting area. The results of this study provide theoritical basis for developing the theoretical framework for facility-based fig cultivation in southern Xinjiang.更多还原