【摘要】 为探讨地膜覆盖对湖南冬萝卜农艺性状与土壤理化性质的影响，并为南方湿润气候区萝卜高效栽培提供技术支撑，试验以湖南主栽冬萝卜品种‘百川雪’为材料，研究地膜覆盖栽培(FM)和露地栽培(CK)2种方式对萝卜农艺性状、产量、品质以及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，地膜覆盖栽培能显著改善萝卜农艺性状、产量、品质指标及土壤环境。其中，FM处理的单株根重较CK显著增加38.5%，产量较CK显著提高36.8%；裂皮率与糠心率分别较CK显著降低7.39和14.83个百分点；采后贮藏期延长7 d以上；0～20 cm土层含水量提高8.62个百分点，0.25～10 mm水稳性团聚体比例显著增加8.00个百分点，土壤容重降低6.9%。综上，地膜覆盖可有效提升萝卜农艺性状、产量与品质，并显著改善土壤环境，建议在湖南及类似生态区配套推广“覆膜+有机肥+钾肥调控”技术模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study explored the effects of plastic film mulching on the agronomic traits of winter radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and the physicochemical properties of soil in Hunan,aiming to provide technical support for efficient cultivation of radish in the humid region of southern China.The main winter radish variety ’Baichuanxue’ in Hunan was cultivated with film mulching (FM) and open field cultivation (CK).The effects of the two cultivation modes on the agronomic traits,yield,and quality of radish and the physicochemical properties of soil were evaluated.The results showed that compared with CK,FM improved the agronomic traits,yield,and quality indicators of radish and the soil environment.Compared with CK,FM increased the root weight per plant and yield by 38.5% and 36.8%,while decreasing the skin cracking rate and pith rate by 7.39 and 14.83 percentage points,respectively.Additionally,FM prolonged the storage period for more than 7 days.Compared with CK,FM increased the water content of 0-20 cm soil layer and the proportion of water stable aggregates with particle sizes of 0.25-10 mm by 8.62 and 8.00 percentage points,respectively,while decreasing the soil bulk density by 6.9%.In conclusion,plastic film mulching can improve the agronomic traits,yield,and quality of radish and the soil environment.It is suggested that the pattern of "plastic film mulching + organic fertilizer + potassium fertilizer regulation" can be popularized in Hunan and similar ecological areas.更多还原