【摘要】 针对某商用车更换大功率发动机以满足国六排放和四阶段油耗法规要求，需要优化冷却系统，提升散热能力.采用格子玻尔兹曼方法（lattice Boltzmann method,LBM）建立热环境数字风洞，高精度预测整车热平衡与热保护性能，仿真与试验对标，冷却液温度预测值与试验测试值之间的误差小于1℃.基于此以散热器水温和中冷器出风温度作为优化目标，分析冷凝器、中冷器、散热器和风扇侵入量之间的交互效应，并据此进行优化设计，提出一套适用于发动机冷却系统虚拟标定的仿真流程.研究结果表明，风扇侵入量和中冷器高度对散热器散热性能影响较大.经过优化迭代后，散热器和中冷器的进气量分别提升了5.01%和7.87%，冷却模块的表面温度分布更加均匀，显著改善了发动机舱散热效率.更多还原

【Abstract】 To comply with China Ⅵ emission standards and Stage Ⅳ fuel consumption regulations, a highpower engine was installed in a commercial vehicle, and it is necessary to optimize the cooling system and enhance its heat dissipation capacity. This paper utilizes the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM) to establish a digital wind tunnel for thermal environment simulations, accurately predicting the vehicle’s heat balance and thermal protection performance, with a coolant temperature prediction error of less than 1 ℃ after comparison between the modelling and experimental data. Based on this, using the coolant temperature of the radiator and the intercooler outlet air temperature as optimization targets, the interactive effects among the condenser, intercooler, radiator, and fan intrusion were analyzed, leading to an optimized design. A simulation process suitable for virtual calibration of engine cooling systems is proposed. The results show that fan intrusion and intercooler height significantly affect the radiator’s heat dissipation performance. After iterative optimization, the air mass flow rate of the radiator and intercooler are increased by 5.01% and 7.87%, respectively, and the surface temperature distribution of the cooling module becomes more uniform, significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the engine compartment.更多还原