【摘要】 为了探究成纤维细胞因子1(FGF1)对乾华肉用美利奴羊毛囊周期性变化的影响，试验选用2.5～3.5岁成年母羊12只，分别在1月份(退行期)、3月份(休止期)、5月份(兴盛前期)、9月份(兴盛期)采集其体侧皮肤，利用H.E.染色法观察毛囊形态的变化，并统计初级毛囊密度与次级毛囊密度的变化；利用免疫组织化学法检测FGF1蛋白在乾华肉用美利奴羊毛囊的表达位置；通过Western-blot和荧光定量PCR法检测毛囊中FGF1蛋白和基因表达量。结果表明：兴盛期的毛囊细长而笔直，毛球部相对于其他3个时期体积增大，毛囊比较饱满，此时毛囊的直径最大，毛球部呈现梨形。初级毛囊在退行期时数量减少，毛球部逐渐收缩，体积缩小；休止期初级毛囊数量最少，且毛囊直径相比兴盛前期、兴盛期、退行期小，毛干呈现棒状。次级毛囊在不同时期的形态变化跟初级毛囊大致相同。4个时期初级毛囊密度为3.33～4.17个/mm~2,次级毛囊密度为27.17～42.5个/mm~2;初级毛囊密度在4个时期间差异不显著(P>0.05);兴盛期次级毛囊密度显著高于退行期、休止期和兴盛前期(P<0.05),兴盛前期显著高于退行期和休止期(P<0.05)。FGF1蛋白定位于乾华肉用美利奴羊毛囊退行期、休止期、兴盛前期、兴盛期外根鞘。兴盛期FGF1基因相对表达量显著或极显著高于兴盛前期、退行期和休止期(P<0.05或P<0.01、P<0.001),兴盛前期和退行期极显著高于休止期(P<0.01、P<0.001),兴盛前期与退行期差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同时期的皮肤中均有FGF1蛋白表达；兴盛期FGF1蛋白相对表达量显著或极显著高于兴盛前期、退行期和休止期(P<0.05或P<0.01),兴盛前期、退行期和休止期之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明FGF1基因可能通过促进毛囊向兴盛期的转化进而参与乾华肉用美利奴羊毛囊周期性发育的调控。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effect of fibroblast growth factor 1(FGF1) on the periodic changes of hair follicles in Qianhua Mutton Merino sheep, 12 adult ewes aged 2.5-3.5 years were selected in the experiment. The skin of the body side was collected in January(degeneration period), March(telogen), May(pre-prosperity period) and September(prosperity period), respectively. The changes of hair follicle morphology were observed by H.E.staining method, and the changes of primary hair follicle density and secondary hair follicle density were counted. The expression of FGF1 protein in the hair follicles of Qianhua Mutton Merino sheep was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of FGF1 protein and gene in hair follicles were detected by Western-blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that the hair follicles in the prosperity period were slender and straight. The volume of the hair bulb increased compared with the other three periods, and the hair follicles were relatively full. At this time, the diameter of the hair follicles was the largest, and the hair bulb was pear-shaped. The number of primary hair follicles decreased during the degeneration period, and the hair bulb gradually contracted and the volume decreased. The number of primary hair follicles was the least in the telogen, and the diameter of hair follicles was smaller than that in the pre-prosperity period, the prosperity period and the regressive period, and the hair shaft was rod-shaped. The morphological changes of secondary hair follicles in different cycles were roughly the same as those of primary hair follicles. The primary hair follicle density was 3.33-4.17/mm~2, and the secondary hair follicle density was 27.17-42.5/mm~2. There was no significant difference in the density of primary hair follicles during the four periods(P>0.05).The density of secondary hair follicles in the prosperity period was significantly higher than that in the degenerative period, telogen and pre-prosperity period(P<0.05), and that in the pre-prosperity period was significantly higher than that in the degenerative period and telogen(P<0.05). FGF1 protein was located in the outer root sheath of Qianhua Mutton Merino sheep at the degenerative period, telogen and pre prosperity period, prosperity period. The relative expression of FGF1 gene in the prosperity period was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in the pre-prosperity period, the regressive period and the telogen(P<0.05 or P<0.01, P<0.001). The relative expression of FGF1 gene in the pre-prosperity period and degeneratiale period was extremely significantly higher than that in the telogen(P<0.01、P<0.001), and there was no significant difference between the pre-prosperity period and the degenerative period(P>0.05). FGF1 protein was expressed in different periods of skin. The relative expression of FGF1 protein in the prosperity period was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in the pre-prosperity, degenerative period and telogen(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between the pre-prosperity, degenerative period and telogen(P>0.05). It was suggested that FGF1 gene might be involved in the regulation of the periodic development of hair follicles in Qianhua Mutton Merino sheep by promoting the transformation of hair follicles to the prosperity period.The results suggested that FGF1 gene might be involved in the regulation of the periodic development of hair follicles in Qianhua Mutton Merino sheep by promoting the transformation of hair follicles to the flourishing period.更多还原