【摘要】 目的 构建老年人便秘非处方药物应用清单，为临床规范指导老年人合理用药提供循证依据。方法 基于国际“明智选择”运动构建低价值护理清单的方法，通过文献系统回顾形成初步清单，采用专家会议法对条目进行优化调整，确定清单内容，并在临床科室中进行初步应用。结果 老年人便秘非处方药物应用清单包括药物选择和药物应用两部分，确定了用药时机、梯度用药、分类用药、个性化用药、用药方法、用药指导6个主题，共16个条目。清单初步应用降低了老年人便秘非处方药物应用的不适当行为，提升了护士对低价值护理的知晓率。结论 构建的老年人便秘非处方药物应用清单具有较好的科学性、实用性，可为医护人员提供有效的便秘用药管理工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To construct a checklist for over-the-counter medication use in elderly patients with constipation and provide an evidence-based tool for standardized clinical guidance on rational medication use.Methods Based on the methodology of constructing low value-care lists from the international "Choosing Wisely" campaign, a preliminary checklist was developed through systematic literature review.The expert panel meeting method was used to refine and adjust the items, finalizing the checklist content, then the checklist was preliminarily applied in clinical departments.Results The finalized checklist comprises two modules of medication selection and application, it covered 6 themes: timing of medication initiation, stepwise therapy, medication classification, personalized use, administration methods and medication guidance, total 16 items.The application of the list reduced inappropriate over-the-counter medication use in elderly patients with constipation, improved nurses’ awareness of low value-care.Conclusion The checklist for over-the-counter medication using of elderly patients with constipation developed in the study demonstrates sound scientific validity and clinical utility, it provides healthcare professionals with an effective tool for optimizing constipation pharmacotherapy management.更多还原