【摘要】 目的 我国土石坝水利工程设施众多，且普遍存在渗漏问题，严重威胁水库的安全运行。土石坝渗漏在空间上具有隐蔽性，常规二维电阻率图像仅能提供渗漏隐患纵向剖面的电阻率响应特征，难以做到全面精准判识。方法 基于有限元算法建立坝体集中渗漏通道三维地电模型，通过研究不同埋深条件下渗漏通道产生的地电场响应规律，对比分析了二维、三维电阻率法对异常的识别特征；同时结合浙江某水库渗漏探查工程案例，采用三维电阻率法进行数据采集与处理，并与二维剖面进行对比分析。结果 综合结果表明：三维电阻率探测能够有效识别土石坝深部渗漏隐患位置及发育情况，提高了渗漏通道空间展布的表征精度，可精细刻画出渗漏通道的形态，弥补了当前二维地电断面探测的不足。结论 研究成果为三维电阻率探查土石坝渗漏隐患提供了技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Todeal with the common leakage problem in many earth-rock dam water conservancy facilities in China, which seriously threatens the safe operation of reservoirs. Methods The three-dimensional geoelectric model of the concentrated leakage channel of the dam was established based on the finite element method. In order to analyze the response law of the geoelectric field generated by the leakage channel under various buried depths,the identification characteristics of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional resistivity methods for anomalies were compared and studied. At the same time, combined with the case of leakage exploration project of a reservoir in Zhejiang province,the three-dimensional resistivity method was used for data acquisition and processing, and the two-dimensional profile was compared and analyzed. Results The threedimensional resistivity detection was capable of effectively pinpointing the location and progression of hidden leakage hazards in earth-rock dams, which enhanced the accuracy of characterizing the spatial distribution of leakage channels and provided a precise depiction of their shapes, addressing the limitations of current twodimensional geoelectric section detection methods. Conclusion The research provides a technical assistance for the detection of the concealed hazards of earth-rock dam leakage with three-dimensional resistivity.更多还原