【摘要】 德惠新河流域降雨年际变化大、年内分布极不均匀，属典型的北方平原排涝河道，科学评价德惠新河健康状况，辨识问题、分析原因，对其河长制工作开展和河流健康提档升级等有重要意义。基于《河湖健康评价指南（试行）》《山东省河湖健康评价技术细则（试行）》，综合考虑河流管理实际，构建以河流健康为目标层，包含“盆”“水”、生物和社会服务功能4个准则层共17项指标的河流健康评价体系，采用目标层、准则层及指标层逐层加权的方法，对德惠新河健康状态进行评价。结果表明，德惠新河属二类河流、健康状态，在流量过程变异程度、鱼类保有指数、水生植物群落指数等方面存在短板。研究提出河流健康保护对策，可为德惠新河健康修复提供指导，评价案例可为同类河流健康评价提供方法及参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Dehui New River Basin is characterized by significant interannual variations coupled with extremely uneven intrayear distribution,making it a typical drainage channel in the northern plains. A scientific assessment of the health status of the Dehui New River,identifying problems and analyzing their causes,is of great significance for implementing the River Chief System and upgrading river health. Based on the Guidelines for River and Lake Health Assessment(Trial)and the Technical Regulations for River and Lake Health Assessment in Shandong Province(Trial),and considering the actual management of the river,a river health evaluation system was constructed. This system uses river health as the target layer,with four criteria layers— "basin", "water",biology,and social service functions—comprising 17 indicators. A hierarchical weighting method was applied to evaluate the health status of the Dehui New River. The results indicate that the Dehui New River is a Class II river in a healthy state but has shortcomings in flow process variation,fish species index,and aquatic plant community index. Countermeasures for river health protection are proposed,providing guidance for the ecological restoration of the Dehui New River. This case study provides a methodological reference for health assessments of similar rivers.更多还原