【摘要】 涝害胁迫严重影响大豆生产，为探讨涝害胁迫对大豆生长发育的影响，解析其响应机制，以淮北地区种植的4个大豆种质为试验材料，通过模拟三叶期涝害处理，结合产量、生理指标和转录组学分析探究大豆耐涝机制。研究表明，涝害胁迫显著降低涝害敏感品种徐豆18的干物质积累和氮吸收效率，单株产量损失30.23%,而耐涝品种淮豆13单株产量只损失16.77%,通过稳定根系氮吸收和维持根系干物质积累表现出较强适应性。转录本测定结果表明，涝害胁迫后耐涝品种淮豆13差异表达基因显著富集于次生代谢产物的生物合成、光合系统和抗氧化相关通路；而涝害敏感型徐豆18差异表达基因主要富集于激素转导、光合作用、过氧化物酶体等相关通路等。共鉴定到148个在耐涝与敏感品种间存在显著表达差异的涝害胁迫响应基因(DEGs),主要富集在光合作用、次生代谢物和脂肪酸代谢途径，转录因子包含AP2/ERF-ERF、C3H、ARR-B、NAC、WRKY等，综上筛选到次生代谢途径中可能存在与耐涝特性相关的转录因子或基因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Waterlogging stress severely impacts soybean production.To investigate the effects of waterlogging stress on soybean growth and development and elucidate its response mechanisms, this study employed four soybean germplasms cultivated in the Huaibei region as experimental materials.Through simulated waterlogging treatment at the V2 stages, combined with yield analysis, physiological indices, and transcriptomic profiling, the study explores the waterlogging tolerance mechanisms in soybean.The results demonstrated that waterlogging stress significantly reduced dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake efficiency in the waterlogging-sensitive cultivar Xudou 18,resulting in a yield loss of 30.23%.In contrast, the waterlogging-tolerant cultivar Huaidou 13 exhibited stronger adaptability with only a 16.77% yield loss, attributed to stabilized root nitrogen absorption and maintained root dry matter accumulation.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in Huaidou 13 under waterlogging stress were significantly enriched in pathways that related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, photosynthetic systems, and antioxidant activity.Conversely, DEGs in Xudou 18 were predominantly associated with hormone transduction, photosynthesis, and peroxisome-related pathways.A total of 148 genotype-specific DEGs were identified between cultivars with contrasting waterlogging tolerance, primarily enriched in photosynthesis, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and fatty acid metabolism.Identified transcription factors included members of the AP2/ERF-ERF,C3H,ARR-B,NAC,and WRKY families.In summary, transcription factors or genes in secondary metabolic pathways that may be related to waterlogging tolerance were screened.更多还原