【摘要】 为探究播期推迟对小麦生长发育、籽粒产量和品质性状的影响，采用豫农907(YN907)和豫农922(YN922) 2个高产优质小麦新品种，设置10月22日(S1，常规播期)、10月31日(S2，迟播9 d)和11月9日(S3，迟播18 d) 3个播期，研究迟播对小麦物候期、籽粒产量和面粉品质性状的影响，分析迟播条件下温度特征与小麦产量及品质性状的关系。结果表明，与常规播期相比，YN907和YN922两年度全生育期随播期推迟而缩短，冬前积温、抽穗前日均温及有效积温随播期推迟递减，而抽穗后日均温及有效积温递增，全生育期有效积温呈下降趋势。YN907和YN922在S3处理下两年度全生育期有效积温较S1处理分别降低243.95,222.10℃·d(2022—2023),136.30,189.40℃·d(2023—2024);产量及构成要素随迟播呈下降趋势，产量降幅达6.45%～17.26%;与常规播期相比，迟播条件下湿面筋含量、蛋白质含量有所提升。气候变暖和农业经营规模化背景下小麦生产中可以利用调整播期以适应温度变化和生产经营模式变革，小麦新品种豫农907和豫农922在10月22日播种产量水平最高，播期推迟至10月31日能维持较高产量水平同时提高籽粒蛋白质含量，播期继续推迟，籽粒蛋白质含量显著提高但会造成产量显著降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the effects of delayed sowing on the growth,development,grain yield and quality of wheat,Yunong 907(YN907) and Yunong 922(YN922),two new high yield and high quality wheat varieties,were selected as experimental materials. Three sowing dates were established: October 22 nd(S1,the conventional sowing date),October 31 st(S2,delayed sowing by 9 days),and November 9 th(S3,delayed sowing by 18 days).The study investigated the effects of delayed sowing on the phenological stages,grain yield and flour quality of wheat,and analyzed the relationship between temperature characteristics and wheat yield,and quality under delayed sowing conditions. The results indicated that compared with the conventional sowing date,the full growth period of YN907 and YN922 was shortened with the delay of sowing date in both years. The accumulated temperature before winter and the average daily temperature before heading decreased with the delay of sowing date,while the average daily temperature and effective accumulated temperature after heading increased. The effective accumulated temperature of the full growth period showed a downward trend. The effective accumulated temperature of the full growth period of YN907 and YN922 in S3 treatment was 243. 95,222. 10 ℃·d lower than that in S1 treatment in 2022—2023,and 136. 30,189. 40 ℃·d lower in 2023—2024,respectively. The yield and its components decreased with the delay of sowing,with a yield reduction of 6. 45% to 17. 26%. Compared with the conventional sowing date,the wet gluten content and protein content increased under the delayed sowing conditions. Under the background of climate warming and the scale-up of the agricultural operation,the sowing date of wheat can be adjusted to adapt to the temperature change. YN907 and YN922 had the highest yield on October 22 nd. Delaying the sowing date to October 31 st could maintain the higher yield level and increase the grain protein content. When the sowing date continues to be postponed,the grain protein content will be significantly increased but the yield will be significantly decreased.更多还原