【摘要】 【目的】翻斗雨量传感器与称重式降水传感器均为目前广泛在用的降水观测仪器，对比两者的观测可更好地分析降水观测资料准确性。【方法】基于北京12个国家级地面观测站DSC2称重式和SL3-1翻斗式降水传感器的分钟降水观测数据，统计分析2种传感器对降水起止时间的差异。【结果】1)关于降水开始时间和结束时间，称重式均要早于翻斗式，两者发生时间差值在10 min以内的比例为80.8%和60.2%,平均时间差值为-0.2 min和-10.1 min。2)在2种传感器观测时间差值超过60 min的降水过程中，主要为称重式早于翻斗式，采用最后第2次分钟降水时间修正，降水结束时间的绝对偏差可从16.9 min降至11.5 min。3)在降水强度较小的阶段，两者观测降水时间差异较大，造成差异的原因主要包括设备的沾湿误差、启动误差和降水汇集时间等。【结论】研究分析了称重式和翻斗式降水传感器在不同降水情况下对降水观测时效的差异，有助于理解各自的特点和适用场景，为不同应用场景下的传感器选择提供科学依据，同时对于促进数值预报结果检验和气象服务具有参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Both the tipping bucket and the weighing gauge are currently widely used instruments for precipitation observation. Comparing their observations can facilitate a better analysis on the accuracy of precipitation observation data. Based on the minutely precipitation data observed by SL3-1 tipping bucket and DSC2 weighing gauges from 12 meteorological stations in Beijing, this article analyzes the difference in response time between the two types of devices during precipitation events. The results show that: 1) For either start time or end time of precipitation, the weighing gauge responds earlier than the tipping-bucket rain gauge, and the proportions of the response time difference within 10 min is 80.8% for start time and 60.2% for end time, with average response time differences of-0.2 min for start time and-10.1 min for end time. 2) For observational processes, the response time difference between the two devices exceeds 60 min, which implies that it is the weighing gauge that mainly responses earlier than the tipping bucket. Correcting the precipitation time with the observed last 2nd minute precipitation, the absolute deviation of the precipitation end time is reduced from 16.9 min to 11.5 min. 3) There are larger differences in response time during the period of low precipitation intensity. The main causes of these differences mainly include equipment wetting loss, startup error and precipitation collection time, etc. This difference analysis of precipitation observation timeliness between tipping bucket and weighing gauges under different precipitation conditions helps understand their respective characteristics and applicable scenarios. So, this study could be a scientific basis for the selection of sensors in different application scenarios, and also a reference for verifying numerical weather prediction results and promoting meteorological services.更多还原