【摘要】 多孔材料因其高比表面积和良好的渗透性，成为强化换热的理想材料。本文针对多孔材料在换热器内的应用，整合了四种不同结构的多孔材料研究现状，系统分析了多孔材料结构特性对摩擦和传热系数的影响，比较了常用多孔材料的换热效率，提出了基于孔隙率、材料类型及结构特征的优化策略。总体来看，对各个类别的多孔材料于换热器上的应用的研究正逐步深入，但在相同换热条件下，不同结构的换热效率以及所产生的压降对流体的影响仍不明确，同时，高温下热辐射与其传热效率的关联性仍需探究，如可对换热器进行改型，对不同多孔材料换热系数与摩擦进行横向对比，再汇总不同换热器的最佳选材，以期为未来换热器提高换热效率指明方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Porous materials, characterized by their high specific surface area and excellent permeability, have emerged as ideal candidates for enhancing heat transfer. This paper is centered around the application of porous materials within heat exchangers. It comprehensively integrates the current research status of four distinct types of porous materials with varying structures. A systematic analysis is then carried out to elucidate the influence exerted by the structural characteristics of porous materials on both the friction factor and the heat transfer coefficient. Moreover, the heat transfer efficiencies of commonly-used porous materials are compared, and optimization strategies grounded in porosity, material type, and structural features are put forward. Overall, the research into the application of diverse porous materials in heat exchangers is steadily advancing. Nevertheless, under identical heat transfer conditions, the heat transfer efficiencies of different structures, as well as the effects of the resultant pressure drop on the fluid, remain ambiguous. Simultaneously, the correlation between thermal radiation and heat transfer efficiency at high temperatures still awaits in-depth exploration. It is feasible to modify the design of heat exchangers, conduct a cross-comparison of the heat transfer coefficients and friction of different porous materials, compile the optimal material selections for different heat exchangers, and chart a course for enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of heat exchangers in the future.更多还原