【摘要】 近年来，随着电力系统对高压断路器性能要求的不断提高，基于电弧黑盒模型的开断性能评估方法逐渐成为研究的重点方向。电弧黑盒模型的研究对深入了解电弧现象及其产生机理、优化高压断路器的结构设计、缩短其设计周期、降低高压断路器型式试验的成本、避免试验的盲目性都具有重要意义。文中首先回顾了电弧黑盒模型的发展历程，探讨了电弧黑盒模型在不同场景下的适用条件；其次，针对电弧黑盒模型参数计算问题，总结了基于启发式算法的参数辨识方法，分析了各种算法的优缺点；最后，探讨了电弧黑盒模型在高压断路器开断性能评估方向的实际应用情况，包括分析断口电容、短路电流直流分量、短路电流频率以及灭弧介质等因素对开断性能的影响，展示了电弧黑盒模型在工程实践中的价值。最后，指出电弧黑盒模型目前所面临挑战，对未来的研究方向进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the increase of performance requirements for high-voltage circuit breaker in power systems,the interruption performance assessment method based on the black-box arc model has gradually become a key research direction. The study of the black-box arc model is of great significance for gaining a deeper understanding of arc phenomena and its generation mechanisms,optimizing the structural design of high-voltage circuit breaker,shortening its design cycles,reducing the type test cost for high-voltage circuit breaker,and avoiding the blindness of test. Firstly,in this paper the development history of the black-box arc model is reviewed and its applicability under different scenarios is explored. Then,as for the parameter calculation of the black-box arc model,the parameter identification methods based on heuristic algorithms is summarized and the the prons and cons of various algorithms are analyzed. Finally,the practical application of the black-box arc model in assessing the interruption performance of the high-voltage circuit breaker,including the analysis of influecen of such factors as capacitance across open conatcts,DC components of short-circuit current,frequency of short-circuit current and arc-extinguishing medium on interruption performance,is analyzed,and the value of the black-box arc model in engineering practice is demonateated. Finally,the challenge faced by the arc black-box at preent is pointed out and researh direction in the future is expected.更多还原