【摘要】 【目的】三华李（Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.sanhua）是华南地区著名特色水果，网棚栽培能有效减缓桔小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel）、桃小食心虫（Carposina niponen‐sis Walsingham）等虫害对三华李果实的为害，但其对果实品质的影响尚不清楚。本研究拟探讨不同栽培条件对三华李果实品质的影响，为三华李的科学种植提供理论依据。【方法】在广西崇左市江州区江洲镇渌留村六留山李人家三华李种植基地，以三华李银妃品种为材料，设网棚设施栽培（T）和露天栽培（CK) 2种处理，其中，T处理采用50目防虫网搭建成密闭型结构的网棚，大棚高3 m，跨度4 m。在果实成熟期从不同处理果树东、西、南、北四个方位挑选大小一致、生长良好的果实样品，测定果实、果核的质量，果实、果核的横径、纵径、侧径和果实硬度等外观质量指标以及可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、可滴定酸度、还原糖含量、可溶性糖含量、类黄酮含量等内在品质指标，比较分析这2种模式下果实品质的差异。【结果】试验结果表明，网棚设施栽培的三华李的果实鲜重、果实横径、果实纵径、果实侧径和果核纵径分别为310.2 g、38.82 mm、33.62 mm、37.10 mm和16.37 mm，分别比CK的提高18.22%、4.21%、6.87%、6.21%和8.63%；果实硬度、可食率、果核横径和果核侧径分别为27.42 kg/cm~2、96.84%和13.14 mm、9.06 mm，与CK差异不显著；果实的还原糖含量为36.27μg/g，极显著低于CK；可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸度、维生素C和类黄酮含量分别为13.06%、59.26 mg/g、1.10%、0.0015%和7.99 mg/g，与CK均无显著差异。【结论】网棚栽培明显改善三华李果实的外观品质，对内在品质变化影响不大，有利于提高商品价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】Sanhua plum(Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.sanhua)is a famous characteris‐tic fruit in southern China.Net house cultivation can effectively reduce the damage of pests such as oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel) and Carposina niponensis Walsingham to Sanhua plum fruits,but its effect on fruit quality is not clear.This research aimed to study the effect of dif‐ferent cultivation conditions on the fruit quality of Sanhua plum,and to provide theoretical basis for scientific planting of Sanhua plum.【Method】In Li Family Sanhua Plum Planting Base,Liuliushan Village,Jiangzhou Township,Jiangzhou District,Chongzuo City,Guangxi,the Sanhua plum vari‐ety Yinfei was used as the plant material.Two treatments,net house cultivation(T)and open field cultivation(CK),were set up.In T treatment,a closed structure of 50-mesh insect-proof net was built,with a height of 3 m and a span of 4 m.At the fruit ripening stage,fruits of uniform size and good growth from different directions,east,west,south,and north,were sampled from treated fruit trees.The external quality indicators including mass of the fruits and seeds,as well as their cross-sectional,longitudinal,and lateral diameters,and fruit hardness were measured;and the in‐ternal quality indicators including contents of soluble solids,vitamin C,titratable acidity,reducing sugar,soluble sugar,and flavonoids were detected,to compare and analyze the differences in fruit quality under these two treatment conditions.【Result】The results showed that the fruit mass,trans‐verse diameter,longitudinal diameter,fruit lateral diameter,and the pit longitudinal diameter in net house cultivation treatment were 310.2 g,38.82 mm,33.62 mm,37.10 mm,and 16.37 mm,which were significantly higher than those in CK by 18.22%,4.21%,6.87%,6.21%and 8.63%,re‐spectively.The fruit hardness,edible rate and transverse diameter of the fruit pit in net house cultiva‐tion treatment were 27.42 kg/cm~2,96.84%,13.14 mm and 9.06 mm,respectively,which showed no signi-ficant difference from those in CK.The reducing sugar content in fruit was 36.27μg/g in net house cultivation treatment,which was extremely significantly lower than that in CK.The con‐tents of soluble solids,soluble sugar,titrable acidity,vitamin C and flavonoid in fruits in net house cultivation treatment were 13.06%,59.26 mg/g,1.10%,0.0015%and 7.99 mg/g,respectively,which showed no significant differences from CK.【Conclusion】Net house cultivation obviously improved the appearance quality of Sanhua plum fruits,and had little effect on the internal quality,which is conducive to increasing the commercial value of the fruits.更多还原