Ultra-high concentration Ce³⁺-doped gadolinium-based borosilicate glass scintillators

【摘要】 Ce³⁺-doped gadolinium-based borosilicate（GBSC_x） glass scintillators with an ultra-high concentration of 16%（mole fraction）were synthesized in ambient atmosphere for future calorimeter application. The valence state of Ce was precisely controlled in the glass by the X-ray absorption near edge structure（XANES） spectrum. With the increased Ce³⁺concentration,the bridging oxygen（BO）/non-bridging oxygen（NBO） ratio decreases notably from 5.15 to 0.56. The GBSC_x glass scintillators exhibit the broad photoluminescence（PL） band within 350–550 nm regions, with a maximum PL quantum yield（PL QY） of 60.6%. In X-ray excited luminescence（XEL）, the integral intensity of the GBSC2 glass is 18.4% compared to the BGO crystal.Meanwhile, it has the highest light yield of 1043 photons/MeV with an energy resolution of 28.4% at 662 keV under γ-ray excitation. When the doped concentration of Ce³⁺exceeds 4%（mole fraction）, the proportion of light yield within 1 μs integral gate exceeds 95%, which conforms to the requirement of fast time response. Interestingly, the concentration quenching effect of high concentration Ce³⁺（x ≤ 14） does not occur in the glass scintillators under γ-ray excitation. With the increase of Ce³⁺concentration, both the fast（100–18 ns） and slow（1000–59 ns） components of scintillation decay time decrease dramatically. Therefore, the developed GBSC_xglass scintillators, featured with the reasonable light yield and fast time response, have a promising application in future high energy physics（HEP） experiments.更多还原

【Abstract】 Ce³⁺-doped gadolinium-based borosilicate（GBSC_x） glass scintillators with an ultra-high concentration of 16%（mole fraction）were synthesized in ambient atmosphere for future calorimeter application. The valence state of Ce was precisely controlled in the glass by the X-ray absorption near edge structure（XANES） spectrum. With the increased Ce³⁺concentration,the bridging oxygen（BO）/non-bridging oxygen（NBO） ratio decreases notably from 5.15 to 0.56. The GBSC_x glass scintillators exhibit the broad photoluminescence（PL） band within 350–550 nm regions, with a maximum PL quantum yield（PL QY） of 60.6%. In X-ray excited luminescence（XEL）, the integral intensity of the GBSC2 glass is 18.4% compared to the BGO crystal.Meanwhile, it has the highest light yield of 1043 photons/MeV with an energy resolution of 28.4% at 662 keV under γ-ray excitation. When the doped concentration of Ce³⁺exceeds 4%（mole fraction）, the proportion of light yield within 1 μs integral gate exceeds 95%, which conforms to the requirement of fast time response. Interestingly, the concentration quenching effect of high concentration Ce³⁺（x ≤ 14） does not occur in the glass scintillators under γ-ray excitation. With the increase of Ce³⁺concentration, both the fast（100–18 ns） and slow（1000–59 ns） components of scintillation decay time decrease dramatically. Therefore, the developed GBSC_xglass scintillators, featured with the reasonable light yield and fast time response, have a promising application in future high energy physics（HEP） experiments.更多还原