【摘要】 随着消费电子产品的不断升级，用户对高性能、小型化变焦光学成像系统的需求日益迫切。对于变焦系统，其组份光焦度分布、运动曲线等一阶配置对成像性能影响显著，但一阶配置方案的选择难以通过简单解析的方法解决，这增加了轻量化变焦镜头的设计难度。为了全局性地评估变焦镜头一阶配置的潜在性能，探索变焦镜头轻量化的设计方法，本文将蒙特卡洛搜索程序用于寻找变焦系统最佳一阶配置方案中。首先，基于蒙特卡洛生成各组份焦距，筛选满足变焦约束方程的有效分配方案。然后，根据有效方案生成镜头设计文件进行真实光线追迹和快速优化来评估方案性能，筛选出性能优异的光焦度组合方案。最后，以手机变焦镜头为例，将性能优异的方案作为初始结构，设计了一款F数恒定为2.9、等效焦距达61～183 mm、总长90 mm的紧凑型变焦镜头，其变焦曲线平滑，各视场、各焦距的MTF均优于0.45@80 lp/mm和0.15@160 lp/mm，畸变低于4%，相对照度高于20%，相较于常规变焦镜头，在轻量化方面具备明显优势。设计结果说明本文提出的基于蒙特卡洛生成一阶配置和真实光线追迹评估方法的有效性，为紧凑型变焦镜头设计提供了新的解决思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advancement of consumer electronics, there is an increasing demand for high-performance, miniaturized zoom lenses. In zoom lenses, the distribution of optical power among components and their zoom cam curve-collectively known as first-order configurations-significantly influence imaging performance. However, selecting optimal first-order configurations is challenging through simple analytical methods, thereby complicating the design of lightweight zoom lenses. To globally assess the potential performance of first-order configurations in zoom lenses and explore design methodologies for lightweight zoom lenses, this study employed a Monte Carlo search algorithm to identify optimal first-order configurations. Initially, focal lengths for each component were generated based on the Monte Carlo method, and configurations satisfying the zoom constraint equations were filtered. Subsequently, lens design files were created for the valid configurations, followed by ray tracing and rapid optimization to evaluate performance, ultimately selecting configurations with superior optical power distributions. Finally, taking a smartphone zoom lens as an example, a compact zoom lens was designed using the high-performance configuration as the initial structure. This lens maintained a constant F-number of 2. 9, achieved an equivalent focal length range of 61-183 mm, and had a total track length of 90 mm. It featured smooth zoom cam curve, modulation transfer function(MTF) values exceeding 0. 45 at 80 lp/mm and 0. 15 at 160 lp/mm across all fields of view and focal lengths, distortion below 4%, and relative illumination above 20%. Compared to conventional zoom lenses, it offered significant advantages in terms of weight reduction. The design results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which combines Monte Carlo-generated first-order configurations with ray tracing evaluations, providing a novel approach for designing compact zoom lenses.更多还原