【摘要】 在海洋目标探测中，不同观测几何条件下接收到的偏振信号强度存在较大差异，为了提高目标的图像质量与识别能力，提出一种基于Cox-Munk粗糙海面模型的最优偏振探测角度估计方法，分析了不同风速、风向、太阳入射天顶角、观测天顶角和方位角对偏振反射率与偏振度的影响规律，得到了“太阳—海面—探测器”三者之间的不同观测角度组合与接收到的偏振信号强度之间的定量关系，以获取最大化偏振信号和偏振度为切入点，针对不同受限情况下的观测几何条件，得出相应的最优偏振观测角度组合方案。海面偏振反射率的有效分布主要集中在方位角150°至210°内，并且在相对方位角为180°时达到相对峰值。在该方位角范围内，海面偏振度的峰值出现在太阳入射天顶角与观测天顶角之和约为106°±6°。当太阳入射天顶角为55°，且相对方位角为180°，165°和150°时，观测天顶角接近仿真预测的最优观测天顶角（分别约为51°，53°，57°），通过在探测器前放置偏振方向为90°的偏振片可实现最佳的反光抑制效果，从而显著提升了目标的成像质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 In marine target detection, significant variations exist in the polarization signal strength received under different observation geometries. To enhance image quality and target recognition, an optimal polarization detection angle estimation method based on the Cox-Munk rough sea surface model is proposed. First, we analyze the effects of different wind speeds, wind directions, solar incidence zenith angles, observation zenith angles, and azimuth angles on polarization reflectivity and degree of polarization. Then, we establish quantitative relationships between different combinations of observation angles and the received polarization signal strength for the three components of the sun-surface-detector system. Finally, by maximizing polarization signal and polarization degree, the paper proposes the optimal combination of polarization observation angles under different constrained observation geometries. The effective distribution of sea surface polarization reflectance is primarily concentrated in the azimuthal range from 150° to 210°, with a relative peak occurring at an azimuth of 180°. Within this range, the peak of sea surface polarization occurs when the sum of the solar zenith angle and the observation zenith angle is approximately 106°±6°. When the solar incidence zenith angle is 55° and the relative azimuth angles are 180°, 165°, and 150°, the observation zenith angles are close to the optimal observation zenith angles predicted by the simulation(approximately 51°, 53°, and 57°, respectively). By placing a polarizer with a polarization direction of 90° in front of the detector, the optimal reflectance suppression effect can be achieved, significantly improving the imaging quality of the target.更多还原