【摘要】 溶解性有机质(DOM)和微生物群落间具有紧密联系，DOM为微生物提供营养，微生物代谢可转化DOM,两者间相互作用共同影响着生态系统的物质循环与能量流动。采集北方寒区天然湿地(河流湿地，HL;湖泊湿地，HP)和人工湿地(水田，ST;鱼塘，YT)表层(0～15 cm)底泥样品，采用三维荧光光谱法和高通量测序技术，揭示不同类型湿地表层底泥DOM荧光光谱及真菌群落特征，并进一步分析其相关性。结果表明：表层底泥DOM荧光光谱共识别出4种荧光组分，包括类富里酸(C1)、类胡敏酸(C2)和类蛋白质(类色氨酸C3和类酪氨酸C4)。C1和C2成显著正相关，而与类蛋白质间相关性不显著。C1的相对浓度高于C2, C3和C4的相对浓度接近。YT中DOM浓度相对高于其余样品，HL和HP中C2和类蛋白质相对浓度具有显著差异，ST和YT中C1、 C2和C3的相对浓度均具有显著差异。湿地表层底泥真菌群落优势门(除未分类类群)为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)。YT中真菌群落Chao1丰富度指数、 Shannon多样性指数显著较低，而Simpson优势度指数显著较高，HP中Shannon多样性指数显著高于其余样品。C1、 C2与真菌群落多样性显著相关，C2与真菌群落组成显著相关，而类蛋白质与真菌群落无显著相关性。C1、 C2与子囊菌门均成显著正相关，C1与壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)和单毛壶菌门(Monoblepharomycota)成显著负相关，C2与担子菌门、罗兹菌门、壶菌门、单毛壶菌门均成显著负相关。因此，真菌群落对DOM相对大分子量荧光组分的相对浓度具有显著影响。针对北方寒区典型湿地表层底泥DOM荧光光谱特征及与真菌群落相关性进行分析，为湿地环境监测与评价提供基础数据，并为湿地合理利用提供理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dissolved organic matter(DOM) and microbial communities are closely related, DOM provides nutrients to microorganisms, and microbial metabolism can transform DOM. Their interactions affect the material cycle and energy flow of the ecosystem. In this study, surface(0～15 cm) sediment samples were collected from natural wetlands(river wetland, HL; lake wetland, HP) and artificial wetlands(paddy field, ST; fish pond, YT) in northern cold regions of China. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and high-through put sequencing techniques were employed to reveal the DOM fluorescence spectra and fungal community characteristics of the different types of wetland surface sediment, and their correlation was further analyzed. The results indicated that four kinds of fluorescent components were identified from the surface sediment DOM fluorescence spectrum, including fulvic-like acid component(C1), humic-like acid component(C2), and protein-like component[tryptophan-like component(C3) and tyrosine-like component(C4)]. C1 and C2 were significantly positively correlated, while no significant correlations existed among them and the protein-like components. The relative concentration of C1 was higher than that of C2, while the relative concentrations of C3 and C4 were close.The concentration of DOM in YT was relatively higher than that in the other samples. At the same time, there were significant differences in the relative concentration of C2 and protein-like components in HL and HP and significant differences in the relative concentrations of C1, C2, and C3 in ST and YT. The dominant species of fungal communities in wetland surface sediment(excluding unclassified groups) were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Rozellomycota. The Chao1 richness index and Shannon diversity index of fungal communities in YT were significantly lower, while the Simpson dominance index was significantly higher. The Shannon diversity index in HP was significantly higher than the other samples.C1 and C2 were significantly correlated with fungal community diversity, C2 was significantly correlated with fungal community composition, while protein-like components had no significant correlation with fungal community. C1 and C2 were significantly positively correlated with Ascomycota, C1 was significantly negatively correlated with Chyridiomycota and Monoblepharomycota, and C2 was significantly negatively correlated with Basidiomycota, Rozellomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Monoblepharomycota. Therefore, fungal communities significantly impacted the relative concentration of fluorescent components with relatively large molecular weights of DOM. This study analyzed the DOM fluorescence spectral characteristics and its correlation with fungal communities in the surface sediment of typical wetlands in the cold region of northern China, providing fundamental data for wetland environmental monitoring and evaluation and theoretical references for the rational utilization of wetlands.更多还原