【摘要】 为研究厌氧氨氧化过程中生物滤柱反应器（BFR）在不同氮负荷下的基质抑制，建立两个平行厌氧氨氧化BFR并改变水力停留时间（HRT）和进水NH₄⁺-N、NO₂^--N浓度，使进水总氮（TN）浓度均大于525 mg/L,TN负荷分别达到1.80和6.30 kg/（m³·d）,TN去除率均大于80%，探讨不同负荷下高氮浓度对BFR厌氧氨氧化的抑制。在厌氧氨氧化基质抑制试验基础上通过Haldane模型模拟发现，高负荷BFR厌氧氨氧化的最大NO₂^--N和NH₄⁺-N去除速率均高于低负荷BFR的对应值，BFR中高氮浓度长期驯化的厌氧氨氧化菌具有更高的抑制常数，对NO₂^--N和NH₄⁺-N适应性更强。BFR的沿程厌氧氨氧化微生物聚集体研究表明，承受了高氮负荷的进水区微生物能够分泌更多的胞外聚合物（EPS）并形成蛋白质主导的EPS，以保护内部菌种抵御高氮浓度的抑制，从而保证微生物的高活性和高抑制浓度，最终使BFR实现良好而稳定的脱氮性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study investigated substrate inhibition in biofilter reactor（BFR） under varying nitrogen loading conditions during Anammox process. Two parallel Anammox BFRs were operated. The hydraulic retention time（HRT） as well as influent NH4+-N and NO₂^--N were systematically adjusted to maintain the influent total nitrogen（TN） above 525 mg/L. Under these conditions, the TN loading rates reached 1.80 kg/（m³·d） and 6.30 kg/（m³·d）, respectively, with corresponding TN removal efficiencies exceeding 80%. The inhibitory effects of high nitrogen concentrations on Anammox activity in BFRs under different nitrogen loading rates were examined. Based on the Anammox substrate inhibition test and Haldane model simulation, it was determined that the maximum NO₂^--N and NH₄+-N removal efficiencies in high-load BFR-based Anammox systems were higher than those observed in low-load BFR systems. Anammox bacteria acclimated to high nitrogen concentrations in the BFR for a long time exhibited a higher substrate inhibition constant, indicating enhanced tolerance and adaptability to elevated NO₂^--N and NH₄+-N. Studies on microbial aggregates in the Anammox process within BFRs demonstrated that microorganisms in the influent zone, which was exposed to high nitrogen loading rate, produced elevated levels of extracellular polymeric substances（EPS）, particularly protein-rich EPS. This adaptive response helped shield internal microbial populations from the inhibitory effects of high nitrogen concentrations, thereby maintaining high microbial activity and tolerance, and ultimately contributing to stable and efficient nitrogen removal performance in BFR systems.更多还原