【摘要】 为了解人工栽培群体中长柄扁桃不同单株之间果核、果仁性状的差异情况，对甘肃省定西市巉口镇龙滩流域人工栽植的21株长柄扁桃测定了果核与果仁的5项形态学指标(形状、颜色、果核具纹、果仁形状、果仁颜色)和9项表型性状指标(果核重、纵径、横径、侧径；果仁重、纵径、横径、侧径；出仁率)，并进行了单株间果核性状指标的方差分析与变异分析。结果表明，长柄扁桃的果核颜色有4种，果核形状有5种，具纹情况有2种，果仁颜色有5种，果仁形状有6种。果核各指标的变异大小不尽相同，其变异系数大小依次为单果核干重(30.53%)﹥单果仁干重(28.61%)>出仁率(16.81%)>果仁纵径(15.05%)>果核纵径(14.45%)>果核横径(12.12%)>果仁横径(11.57%)>果核侧径(11.25%)>果仁侧径(10.78%)。方差分析结果表明，长柄扁桃的表型性状各指标在不同单株间差异显著(p < 0.05)，单株间存在较大差异。从果核与果仁相关性来看，长柄扁桃的果核纵径与果核侧径、核宽薄径、单果核干重、果仁纵径、仁宽厚径、单果仁干重均呈显著正相关关系(p < 0.01)，与出仁率呈负相关关系(p < 0.05)，果仁纵径与仁宽薄径无相关关系，与出仁率也无显著相关关系，与其他性状间呈显著正相关关系。研究认为，长柄扁桃人工栽培群体果核和果仁性状丰富，单株间差异明显，为其优良种质资源选育和挖掘利用奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 To understand the differences in nut and kernel traits among individual plants within a cultivated population of Amygdalus pedunculata,phenotypic observations and measurements of nut and kernel traits were conducted on 21 artificially planted A.pedunculata individuals in the Longtan watershed of Chankou Town,Dingxi City,Gansu Province.The specific traits examined included 5 morphological indicator nut shape,(nut color,nut surface texture,kernel shape,kernel color) and 9 phenotypic trait indicators (nut weight,nut longitudinal diameter,nut transverse diameter,nut lateral diameter,kernel weight,kernel longitudinal diameter,kernel transverse diameter,kernel lateral diameter and kernel to nut ratio).And the variance and variability analysis of the nut traits among individual plants.The results showed that the nuts exhibited four colors,five shapes,and two surface texture types,while the kernels displayed five colors and six shapes.Variability analysis revealed that among the nut and kernel traits,the variation magnitudes of various indicators are not the same,the coefficients of variation ranked as follows:single nut dry weight (30.53%) > single kernel dry weight (28.61%) > kernel-to-nut ratio (16.81%) > kernel longitudinal diameter (15.05%) > nut longitudinal diameter (14.45%) > nut transverse diameter (12.12%) > kernel transverse diameter (11.57%) > nut lateral diameter (11.25%) > kernel lateral diameter (10.78%).Variance analysis indicated that the various indicators of phenotypic traits varied significantly among different individual plants (p < 0.05),and there were considerable differences among individual plants.Regarding the correlation between nut and kernel traits,the nut longitudinal diameter showed a significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) with nut lateral diameter,nut transverse diameter,single nut dry weight,kernel longitudinal diameter,kernel transverse diameter,and single kernel dry weight,while exhibiting a negative correlation (p < 0.05) with the kernel-to-nut ratio.The kernel longitudinal diameter showed no correlation with kernel transverse diameter or the kernel-to-nut ratio but demonstrated significant positive correlations with other traits.In conclusion,the study found that the artificially cultivated A.pedunculata population exhibited significant trait differences and rich variability among individual plants.更多还原