【摘要】 本研究以小陇山林区7个种源的54个栓皮栎单株种子为研究对象，测定其种子形态指标(包被长、种长、直径、种脐长、千粒重)和萌发性状(发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数)，并进行了方差分析、相关分析和聚类分析。结果表明：1)7个种源间的种子形态性状差异显著。其中，党川种源的包被长、种长、直径、种脐长和千粒重均为最大，分别比其它种源高出9.52%～22.24%、7.52%～10.18%，12.38%～21.39%、2.38%～21.74%、17.34%～48.04%；严坪种源种形指数最大，高于其它种源2.52%～12.96%。2)不同种源间的萌发特性也存在显著差异。党川种源的发芽率最高，较其它种源高14.58%～38.43%，云坪种源的发芽势和发芽指数最高，分别比其它种源高28.51%～141.08%和16.46%～34.51%。3)栓皮栎种子大多数性状间具有显著相关性。种子形态性状与萌发特性、以及与气候因子之间均未发现显著相关关系。4)基于主成分分析和聚类分析结果，依据种子形状将栓皮栎种子分为4类，其中，C类种子的各形态指标最大，千粒重最大，发芽率最高。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the genetic variation patterns of Quercus variabilis (cork oak) provenances in the Xiaolongshan forest area and provide germplasm resources for breeding new varieties,seeds from 54 individual trees across 7 Quercus variabilis provenances in the Xiaolongshan forest area were used as test materials.Analysis of variance (ANOVA),correlation analysis,and cluster analysis were conducted on the basis of seed morphological traits (pericarp length,seed length,diameter,hilum length,1000-seed weight) and germination characteristics (germination rate,germination energy,germination index).The results showed that,1) the morphological traits of seeds varied significantly among the seven populations.Among them,the coating length,seed length,diameter,umbilical length and 1000-grain weight of Dangchuan Forest Farm were the largest,which were 9.52%～22.24%,7.52% ～10.18%,12.38%～21.39%,2.38 ～21.74% and 17.34% ～ 48.04% higher than those of other sources,respectively.The seed shape index of the Yanping source was the highest,which was 2.52% to 12.96% higher than that of other sources.2) The germination characteristics varied significantly among various sources.Among them,the germination rate of the Dangchuan source was the highest,which was 14.58%～38.43% higher than that of other sources.The germination potential and germination index of the Yunping source were the highest,which were 28.51%～141.08% and 16.46%～34.51% higher than those of other sources,respectively.3) Most traits of Quercus variabilis seeds had significant correlations,but there was no significant correlation between seed traits and germination characteristics or climatic factors.4) Based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis,Quercus variabilis seeds were classified into four categories according to their shapes.Among them,category C seeds had the largest morphological indicators,the highest 1000-seed weight,and the highest germination rate.更多还原