【摘要】 系统性总结了噻吩基导电聚合物在电化学领域的最新研究进展，重点探讨其合成方法、电化学特性及能源领域应用。噻吩基导电聚合物因其优异的电化学特性、环境稳定性和多功能性，已广泛应用于能量存储、光电器件和生物传感等领域。首先对化学聚合法和电化学聚合法的优势与不足进行了详细分析，特别关注最新聚合机理齐聚法的研究进展及其在提高材料性能中的作用。接着，深入探讨噻吩基导电聚合物的导电性和载流子迁移率，并分析其在储能器件、太阳能电池、燃料电池和锂离子电池等具体应用中的性能表现。最后，通过对结构调控与噻吩基导电聚合物材料功能化、纳米结构设计的分析，展望了其在实现高效储能与能量转化方面的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 This review systematically summarizes the recent research progress of polythiophene and its deriva-tives in electrochemistry, focusing on their synthesis methods, electrochemical properties, and multifield applications. Polythiophene has been widely used in energy storage, optoelectronic devices, and biosensing due to its excellent electrochemical properties, environmental stability, and versatility. In this paper, the advantages and shortcomings of chemical polymerization and electrochemical polymerization are first analyzed in detail, with a special focus on the research progress of the latest polymerization mechanism zwitterionic polymerization, and its role in improving the material properties. Then, polythiophene’s electrical conductivity and carrier mobility are discussed in depth and their performance in specific applications such as supercapacitors, solar cells, fuel cells, and lithium-ion batteries are analyzed. Finally, this paper looks at the potential of polythiophene in achieving efficient energy storage and energy conversion through the analysis of structure modulation and functionalization of polythiophene materials and nanostructure design.更多还原