【摘要】 针对旋耕秸秆还田存在的耕作扭矩大、秸秆埋覆质量差等问题，分析鼹鼠前足趾轮廓曲线，设计一种具有鼹鼠趾爪结构特征的仿生旋耕刀。基于离散元法开展以仿生齿圆弧直径、工作幅宽、弯折角为试验因素，以刀轴扭矩与秸秆空间分布变异系数为指标进行三因素三水平正交组合仿真试验，确定仿生旋耕刀的最佳结构参数：仿生齿圆弧直径为12 mm、工作幅宽为45 mm、弯折角为120°。在相同耕作参数下与国标旋耕刀进行对比试验，刀轴扭矩降低5.8%，秸秆空间分布变异系数降低8.3%，证明仿生旋耕刀能够降低耕作扭矩并提高秸秆埋覆质量。为进一步检验仿生旋耕刀的作业性能，开展仿生旋耕刀与国标旋耕刀的田间耕作对比试验。结果表明，两种旋耕刀在不同耕作参数下的刀轴扭矩和秸秆空间分布变异系数变化规律一致，但相比于国标旋耕刀，仿生旋耕刀的刀轴扭矩下降近7%，秸秆空间分布变异系数减少超过11%。更多还原

【Abstract】 To solve the problems of large tillage resistance and poor straw burial quality in straw returning by rotary tillage, a bionic rotary blade with the structural characteristics of mole-rat′s claw was designed based on the contour curves of claw tips of mole rats. A orthogonal simulation experiment was conducted with three factors and three levels, including the influencing factors of the diameter of the bionic arc, the working width, and the bending angle, and the response indexes of the torque and the uniformity of straw spatial distribution using EDEM. The optimal structural parameters were: the diameter of bionic arc is 12 mm, working width is 45 mm, and bending angle is 120°. Compared with the national standard rotary blade, the torque was reduced by 5. 8%, and the coefficient of variation of the straw spatial distribution was decreased by 8. 3%. It was proved that the bionic rotary blade could improve the straw burying quality and reduce the tillage resistance. Then, a field tillage comparison test was carried out between the bionic rotary blade and the national standard rotary blade. The results showed that the variation laws of the torque and the coefficient of variation of the straw spatial distribution of the two rotary blades under different tillage parameters were the same, but compared with the national standard rotary blade, the torque of the bionic rotary blade decreased by about 7%, and the coefficient of variation of the straw spatial distribution decreased by more than 11%.更多还原