【摘要】 目的 ：构建早产儿全程护理方案并评价其应用效果，为早产儿居家护理提供科学参考。方法 ：通过文献回顾、半结构访谈与德尔菲函询方法，基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型构建早产儿全程护理方案。采用便利抽样法，选取青岛市某三级甲等医院2023年10月至2024年5月进入NICU预出院病房进行家庭参与式护理的131例早产儿及其主要照顾者为研究对象，按照入院时间分为干预组（n=66）和对照组（n=65）。对照组接受常规护理和随访，干预组实施早产儿全程护理方案。比较两组早产儿出院时、出院后1个月、出院后3个月的生长发育情况，以及主要照顾者的照顾能力、育儿胜任感等。结果 ：广义估计方程结果显示，干预组早产儿的体质量增长趋势优于对照组（P<0.05）。出院后1个月及3个月时，干预组早产儿纯母乳喂养率均高于对照组（P<0.05），主要照顾者的早产儿照顾能力、育儿胜任感均优于对照组（P<0.05），对护理服务的满意度也高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：应用构建的早产儿全程护理方案有助于促进早产儿生长发育，提升家长的居家照顾能力及育儿胜任感，并提高护理满意度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To develop a comprehensive care program for premature infants and evaluate its effect, and provide a reference for the home care of premature infants. Methods: The comprehensive care program for premature infants was developed based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills model through literature review, semi-structured interviews, and the Delphi method. A total of 131 premature infants admitted to the NICU pre-discharge unit of a tertiary grade A hospital in Qingdao from October 2023 to May 2024 and its primary caregivers were selected as participants by convenience sampling. They were divided into an intervention group(n=66) and a control group(n=65) based on admission time. The control group received routine care and follow-up, while the intervention group implemented the comprehensive care program. The growth and development of premature infants, exclusive breastfeeding rates, as well as main caregivers’ caregiving ability, parenting sense of competence etc. at the time of discharge, 1 month after discharge, and 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups. Results: The results of the Generalized Estimating Equations showed that the growth trends of body weight of the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05). At 1 month and 3 months after discharge, the exclusive breastfeeding rate of premature infants in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the caregiving ability, parenting competence and satisfaction on care of primary caregivers in the intervention group were also higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of comprehensive care program can improve the growth and development of premature infants, enhance parents’ home caregiving ability and parenting sense of competence, and improve nursing satisfaction.更多还原