【摘要】 目的:探讨个体化饮食表在脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者康复护理中的效果，为促进患者康复提供参考。方法:采用非同期对照研究，便利选取2022年12月至2024年12月在西安市某三级医院康复医学科住院的121例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者作为研究对象。以2023年12月前入院的60名患者为对照组，接受常规护理；2024年1月后入院的61名患者为干预组，采用个体化饮食表指引的护理评估和措施。比较两组患者并发症发生率及护士对吞咽障碍护理评估正确率的差异。结果:干预组患者的吸入性肺炎发生率（4.9%）和营养不良发生率（8.2%）低于对照组（30.0%,18.3%）、血清前白蛋白值高于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；干预组护士对吞咽障碍护理评估的正确率明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论:实施个体化饮食表能够降低脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者并发症发生率，改善其营养状况，还能提高临床护士对脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的评估能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the clinical effect of individualized diet table in the care of stroke patients with dysphagia, providing a reference for optimizing the dietary management strategies for patients. Methods: A non-simultaneous control study was conducted. A total of 121 stroke patients with dysphagia hospitalized in the Rehabilitation Center of a tertiary hospital in Xi’an from December 2022 to December 2024 were conveniently selected as the research subjects. The 60 patients admitted before December 2023 were assigned to the control group and received routine care, while the 61 patients admitted after January 2024 were assigned to the intervention group and received care guided by individualized diet table for assessment and measures. The differences in the incidence of dysphagia complications and the accuracy rate of nurses’ assessment of dysphagia between the two groups were compared. Results: The incidence of aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition in the intervention group was significantly lower than those in the control group, and the serum prealbumin value in the intervention group were 4.9% and 8.2%, which were lower than those in the control group(30.0%, 18.3%), all differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The accuracy rate of nurses’ assessment of dysphagia in the intervention group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of individualized diet table not only reduces the incidence of complications in stroke patients with dysphagia, improves their nutritional status, but also enhances the assessment ability of clinical nurses for dysphagia in stroke patients.更多还原