【摘要】 目的 描述部分骨科护士实施骨质疏松性骨折患者生活方式调整与术后健康教育及随访现状，分析影响护理宣教及随访行为的因素。方法 2023年2月至2024年1月通过线上问卷招募骨科护理人员接受关于骨质疏松性骨折患者护理宣教及随访行为的调查，来自20家三级甲等医院共计124名骨科护理人员完成了调查并纳入分析。问卷共11项问题，涉及护理人员对骨质疏松骨折患者提供建议的频率、建议患者进行复查/随访的时间间隔、建议患者进行营养指导、负重运动、肌肉力量训练、平衡性训练、预防跌倒、戒除不良习惯、阳光照射等生活方式的频率。同时针对年龄、工作年限和职称可能影响提供建议频率的因素进行分组。年龄划分为高年龄组（>30岁）和低年龄组（≤30岁），工作年限划分为高工作年限组（>10年）和低工作年限组，职称划分为初级职称及以下和中级职称及以上两组。结果 受访骨科护士向患者“经常/总是”提供生活方式建议的比例是60.5%，受访骨科护士“经常/总是”进行骨质疏松性骨折患者及患者家属宣教的比例分别是66.9%,55.6%。与低年龄组相比，高年龄组护理人员更多地进行负重运动、肌肉力量训练、平衡性训练和预防跌倒生活方式等方面的宣教（P<0.05）；与低工作年限组相比，高工作年限组则更多地进行患者宣教，且更关注日常营养、适当负重运动、平衡性训练等方面（P<0.05）；与初级及以下职称护士相比，中高级职称护士更多地进行患者骨质疏松健康教育宣教（P<0.05）。结论 亟需关注骨科护士对骨质疏松性骨折患者健康教育质量，可针对年轻护士开展高质量继续教育，从而有效提升患者健康教育的质量，以提高疾病知晓率与健康行为依从性，减少患者初次骨折与再骨折所带来的庞大医疗负担。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To describe the current status of lifestyle adjustment recommendations, postoperative health education, and follow-up provided by some orthopedic nurses for patients with osteoporotic fractures, and to analyze the factors influencing these nursing education and follow-up behaviors. Methods Orthopedic nursing staff were recruited via an online questionnaire to investigate their health education and follow-up practices for patients with osteoporotic fractures from February 2023 to January 2024. A total of 124 orthopedic nursing staff from 20 tertiary grade A hospitals completed the survey and were included in the analysis. The questionnaire consisted of 11 items, covering the frequency of advice provided to patients with osteoporotic fractures, the recommended intervals for review/follow-up, and the frequency of lifestyle recommendations regarding nutrition, weight-bearing exercise, muscle strength training, balance training, fall prevention, eliminating bad habits, and sun exposure. Participants were grouped based on factors considered likely to influence the frequency of advice provision: age, years of work experience, and professional title. Age was divided into a higher-age group(>30 years) and a lower-age group （≤30 years）; work experience was divided into a high-seniority group(>10 years) and a low-seniority group; professional title was divided into junior title or below and intermediate title or above. Results The proportion of respondent orthopedic nurses who "often/always" provided lifestyle advice to patients was 60. 5%. The proportions of respondents who "often/always" provided health education to patients with osteoporotic fractures and their families were 66. 9% and 55. 6%, respectively. Compared to the lower-age group, nurses in the higher-age group provided more education on weight-bearing exercise, muscle strength training, balance training, and fall prevention(P < 0. 05). Compared to the low-seniority group, the high-seniority group provided more patient education and paid more attention to daily nutrition, appropriate weight-bearing exercise, and balance training(P < 0. 05). Compared to nurses with junior titles or below, those with intermediate or senior titles provided more health education on osteoporosis to patients(P < 0. 05). Conclusions There is an urgent need to focus on the quality of health education provided by orthopedic nurses to patients with osteoporotic fractures. High-quality continuing education targeting younger nurses could be implemented to effectively improve the quality of patient health education, thereby increasing disease awareness and compliance with healthy behaviors, and reducing the substantial medical burden associated with initial and subsequent fractures.更多还原