【摘要】 针对工程实践领域的公差优化与分配研究，目前多集中在加工成本、质量损失成本最小等方面，缺乏考虑公差敏感度以及尺寸公差与形位公差并行优化的问题。本文遵循成本质量准则并结合改进的粒子群优化算法选取满足产品公差与成本平衡的一组公差值，基于结构关键参数与总加工成本、总质量损失成本和总敏感性成本之间的关系建立总成本公差模型，并以加工能力与功能需求为约束条件；利用带约束条件的粒子群优化算法进行求解，通过引入罚函数使计算过程在可行域内进行寻优；以某型号断路器操作机构的公差优选问题为例，应用基于CETOL的公差仿真对得到的最优解进行分析。结果证明，优化后成本降低了4.81%,说明本文方法选择的公差符合产品设计要求的同时提升了产品的经济性，有助于提高企业的竞争力，解决工程实践中企业所面临的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The current research on tolerance optimization and allocation in the field of engineering practice mainly focuses on minimizing processing costs and quality loss costs, the impact of tolerance sensitivity and parallel optimization of dimensional tolerance and form and position tolerance is not taken into account, it is proposed to use cost quality criteria combined with improved PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization) to select a set of tolerance values that meet the balance between product tolerances and manufacturing costs.A total cost tolerance model is established based on the relationship between key structural parameters and total processing cost, total quality loss cost, and total sensitivity cost, with processing capacity and functional requirements as constraints.A particle swarm optimization algorithm with constraints is used to solve the problem, and a penalty function is introduced to optimize the calculation process in the feasible region.Taking the tolerance optimization problem of a certain type of circuit breaker operating mechanism as an example, the optimal solution obtained is analyzed using tolerance simulation based on CETOL,and the cost is reduced by 4.81% after optimization.The tolerance selected in this article meets the requirements of product design, while the economy of the product and the competitiveness of the enterprise are improved, and the problems faced by the enterprise in engineering practice are solved.更多还原