【摘要】 为探明固沙灌木对土壤水分蒸发的影响，文中以库布齐沙漠东缘沙柳(Salix psammophila)、油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)和柠条(Caragana korshinskii)为研究对象，以无灌木影响的裸地作为对照，采用自制微型蒸渗仪分别测定了3种固沙灌木在5.8、16.9和27.1mm降雨条件下不同方向(东90°、西南210°和西北330°)和不同位置(灌木基部、冠幅下1/2处、冠幅边缘)的土壤水分蒸发过程，并分析了土壤蒸发量与地表温度之间的关系。结果表明：1)与对照相比，沙柳、油蒿和柠条灌木下土壤水分累计蒸发量分别降低了22.7%、32.5%和27.7%。在不同方向和位置上，西南210°方向上的土壤蒸发量显著大于东90°和西北330°的蒸发量，冠幅边缘处土壤蒸发量显著大于灌木基部。2)3种固沙灌木下地表温度由高到低依次是沙柳、柠条和油蒿，西南210°方向上的地表温度高于其他两个方向，冠幅边缘处地表温度高于灌木基部。3)土壤蒸发量与地表土壤温度呈显著线性正相关关系，表明灌木下土壤水分蒸发过程受表层土壤温度变化的控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the impact of sand-fixing shrubs on soil moisture evaporation, Salix psammophila, Artemisia ordosica and Caragana korshinskii growing on the eastern edge of the Hobq Desert were selected as the research objects, and the bare land without the influences of shrubs was set as the control. Some self-made micro-lysimeters were used to measure the soil moisture evaporation processes under the three sand-fixing shrubs in rainfall conditions of 5.8 mm, 16.9 mm and 27.1 mm, respectively, in different directions(90° east, 210° southwest and 330° northwest) and at different positions(the base of the shrub, half of the crown, and the edge of the crown). Meanwhile, the relationship between the soil evaporation amount and the surface temperature was analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Compared with the control, the cumulative evaporation of soil moisture under S. psammophila, A. ordosica and C. korshinskii shrubs decreased by 22.7%, 32.5% and 27.7%, respectively. In different directions and positions, the soil evaporation in the southwest direction(210°) was significantly greater than that in the east(90°) and northwest(330°), and the soil evaporation at the edge of the crown was significantly greater than that at the base of the shrub. 2) The surface temperatures under the three shrubs decreased in the following order: S. psammophila, C. korshinskii, and A. ordosica, and the surface temperature in the southwest was higher than that in the other two directions, and the surface temperature at the edge of the crown was higher than that at the base of the shrub. 3) There was a significant linear positive correlation between the soil evaporation and the surface soil temperature, indicating that the soil moisture evaporation under the shrubs was controlled by the variations in the surface soil temperature.更多还原