【摘要】 基层治理中历史遗留问题在漫长等待中并非无法开启“政策之窗”,而是未能进一步开启“决策之窗”。基层政府决策中的“当下主义”策略是这类问题产生的深层原因。沿海Q村的案例表明，早期基层官员堆叠当下资源、压缩当下成本的“主动当下主义”策略，实现了发展加速，但也将问题遗留给了未来。继任基层官员将这些遗留问题视作一种治理风险，并通过拖延问题、上交问题、转移问题、修补问题等“被动当下主义”策略，对其进行及时处置与隔离，却也导致问题被持续搁置。结果是，不同时期基层政府“当下主义”策略的决策连续统，使初始问题被留在时间里，继而被困在时间里，最终变得越来越难以解决。事实上，面对发展机遇和社会风险带来的时间压力，基层政府选择“当下主义”策略，很大程度上是一种情境理性。悖论性在于，赋予其合理性的外在条件在未来会反向削弱其合理性，从而导致基层治理中的历史遗留问题被源源不断地再生产出来。更多还原

【Abstract】 Historical legacy issues in grassroots governance are not unresolved due to prolonged waiting, but rather because the “policy window” has not been further opened to the “decision-making window. ” The “presentism” strategy in government decision-making is the deep-seated cause of such problems. The case of Coastal Village Q demonstrates that early officials achieved accelerated development through “active presentism,” stacking current resources and compressing current costs, yet left problems for future generations. Successive officials regarded these legacy issues as social risks and addressed them promptly through “passive presentism,” such as delaying, escalating, transferring, or patching up the problems, which also led to their continuous postponement. Consequently, the continuous decision-making continuum of “presentism” by local governments at different times has made problems that should have been resolved initially increasingly difficult to solve as institutional and social environments evolve. In fact, under the time pressure brought by development opportunities and social risks, local governments’ choice of “presentism” as a coping strategy is largely situational rationality. The paradox lies in that the external conditions granting it rationality will inversely weaken its rationality in the future, thereby leading to the continuous reproduction of historical legacy issues in grassroots governance.更多还原