【摘要】 目前110 kV变压器振动与声学特性研究主要采用仿真模拟或聚焦于单一缺陷，缺乏对典型多种缺陷工况下系统的真型缺陷试验研究。为此，基于2台110 kV退运变压器，搭建囊括局部放电、直流偏磁、铁心松动和绕组松动4类典型缺陷的真型变压器试验平台，开展振动与声学信号时域与频域特征研究。结果表明：典型缺陷下振动与声学信号幅值增大；局部放电时偶次谐波明显降低、中高频能占比增大；直流偏磁时奇次谐波比增大、偶次谐波比和基频占比降低；铁心松动时振动主频发生偏移，额定电压下由300 Hz增大至500 Hz;绕组松动对频域特征参数影响较小。该研究可为110 kV在运变压器的振动与声学状态监测提供试验支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The current research on the vibro-acoustic characteristics of 110 kV power transformers mainly relies on simulation or focuses on a single defect, lacking comprehensive full-scale defect testing research under typical multi-type defect operating conditions. Therefore, based on two 110 kV returned transformers, a full-scale transformer test platform was built, which includes four typical defects including partial discharge, DC bias, core looseness, and winding looseness, to study the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of vibro-acoustic signals. The results show that under typical defects, the amplitude of the vibration-acoustic signal increases. During partial discharge, the even harmonics are significantly reduced, and the proportion of medium-frequency and high-frequency energy increases. When DC bias occurs, the odd harmonic ratio increases, while the even harmonic ratio and fundamental frequency ratio decrease. As the core becomes loose, the dominant frequency of vibration shifts and increases from 300 Hz to 500 Hz at rated voltage. The winding looseness has a relatively small impact on the frequency-domain characteristic parameters. This research can provide experimental support for the vibration and acoustic condition monitoring of 110 kV transformers in operation.更多还原