【摘要】 围护结构热性能对民用、工业建筑和基站机房的空调能耗有重要影响。论文提出一种基于辐射制冷涂层(RCC)和相变材料(PCM)复合围护结构的热整流方法，利用RCC表面对太阳辐射的高反射和红外发射散热，以及PCM对热流的削峰和延迟效应，实现双重热阻隔与峰值负荷柔性调节。基于自制定形相变板开展了RCC-PCM结构热性能实验与模拟研究，结果显示：较常规聚苯乙烯泡沫(EPS)结构，夏季实测RCC-PCM结构隔热层峰值温度滞后延长3.3 h，内表面与空气温差降低56.3%；七月典型模拟日的峰值热流和日间平均热流分别降低60.3%和62.1%，夜间PCM蓄存的86.8%热量向外传递，体现了近似“热二极管”的单向热流特性。该结构适应于不同环境下隔热、散热和负荷峰值综合调节，具有良好节能降碳潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thermal performance of envelope enclosure is vital for efficient HVAC systems in civil, industrial and telecom buildings. A thermal rectification method based on radiant cooling coating(RCC) and phase change material(PCM) composite enclosure structure is proposed. By using the high reflection of solar radiation and infrared emission heat dissipation on the surface of RCC, as well as the peak clipping and delay effect of PCM on heat flow, the double thermal barrier and peak load flexible adjustment are realized. Based on the self-made phase change plate,the thermal performance experiment and simulation of RCC-PCM structure were carried out. The results show that: compared to the conventional EPS structure, summer tests demonstrate-extends peak lag by 3.3 hours, accompanied by a 56.3% reduction in the temperature differential between the inner surface and inner air. Simulations indicate that on a typical day in July, the peak flux of inner surface decreases by 60.3%, with a 62.1% average heat flux reduction during the daytime. Nighttime, 86.8% of PCM-stored heat dissipates outward, representing an approximation of the ”thermal diode” rectifying characteristic of unidirectional heat flow throughout the day. This enclosure suits comprehensive performance adjustment of insulation, heat dissipation, and peak heat load in various outdoor environments, and has excellent energy saving and carbon reduction potential.更多还原