【摘要】 环形嵌入式设置沉井是一种特殊设计的结构，深水海床基槽爆破对边坡的成形精度和基底的平整度要求严苛，爆破所在水域环境复杂，水流湍急、潮差较大，对爆破开挖设计与施工提出了极大的挑战。综合采用留台周边光面爆破、基底消聚能控制爆破、分区多次爆破基槽主体部位的总体方案，钻孔、装药、药包加工、联网起爆等爆破工艺均采用适用深水爆破的特殊工法，实现了西堠门公铁两用大桥4#主塔水下特殊结构基槽的爆破开挖成型。设计主炮孔孔网参数为2.5 m×2.2 m,使用防水性好的水胶炸药进行连续装药，圆环区孔底采用消聚能铁球和粗砂垫层装药结构；设计炸药单耗1.9～2.0 kg/m~3,单孔装药量60～162 kg,采用工业电子雷管逐孔起爆网路。精准控制了基槽边坡的成形效果，最大限度地降低了基底岩体的爆破损伤程度，岩石块度主要分布于0.3～30 cm之间，爆破效果较好，可为类似深水基槽爆破工程提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The annular embedded caisson is a specially designed structure. The deep-water seabed foundation trench blasting has strict requirements on the forming accuracy of the slope and the flatness of the foundation. The water environment where the blasting is located is complex, the water flow is turbulent, and the tidal range is large, which poses a great challenge to the design and construction of blasting excavation. The overall scheme of smooth blasting around the platform, basement controlled blasting of eliminating-gathering energy, and multiple blasting of the main part of the foundation pit is adopted. The special construction methods suitable for deep-water blasting are adopted in drilling, charging, cartridge processing, networking initiation and other blasting techniques. The blasting excavation and forming of the underwater special structure foundation trench of the 4 # main tower of Xihoumen Road-Railway Bridge is realized. The parameters of the main gun hole network are designed to be 2.5 m × 2.2 m, and the water-gel explosive with good waterproof performance is used for continuous charging. The bottom of the hole in the ring area adopts the charge structure of the eliminating-gathering energy iron ball and the coarse sand cushion. The designed explosive unit consumption is 1.9～2.0 kg/m~3, the single-hole charge is 60 ～ 162 kg, and the industrial electronic detonator hole-by-hole initiation network is adopted. The forming effect of the foundation trench slope is accurately controlled, and the blasting damage degree of the basement rock mass is minimized. The rock fragmentation is mainly distributed between 0.3～30 cm, and the blasting effect is good, which provides an important reference for similar deep-water foundation trench blasting engineering.更多还原