【摘要】 面对现代战争和军事冲突的多样化以及爆炸武器的智能化和高毁伤化发展趋势，军用头盔作为核心的单兵防护装备，其防护性能至关重要。文章以美军典型军用头盔为例，梳理其发展历程并介绍关键材料的性能特点，阐释爆炸冲击波致创伤性脑损伤的作用机制，并综述现有军用头盔爆炸冲击波测试方法与防护性能。最后，从“材料-结构-功能-标准”4个维度展望未来军用头盔协同创新方向，旨在为提升军用头盔的综合防护性能与战场适应性提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Considering the diversification of modern warfare and military conflicts, along with the trend toward intelligent, highly destructive explosive weapons, the protective performance of military helmets—key personal protective equipment—is critically important. This article, focusing on typical U.S. military helmets, reviews their development history, discusses the performance features of essential materials, and explains how blast-induced traumatic brain injury(TBI) occurs. It also summarizes current testing methods and how helmets protect against blast shock waves. Finally, it proposes future directions for collaborative innovation in military helmets across four areas: material, structure, function, and standardization, with the aim of providing a reference for enhancing the comprehensive protective performance and battlefield adaptability of military helmets.更多还原