【摘要】 扼要论述了放射防护基本标准在放射防护学科中的重要地位和促进相关学科发展的重要作用，概括回顾了提供制定放射防护标准基本依据的国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)放射防护体系所历经的四代沿革，以及国际原子能机构(IAEA)牵头联合多个国际组织共同制定的国际基本安全标准(IBSS)业已完成的三代演进。文中着重评述了我国放射防护基本标准迄今经历的1960年、1974年、20世纪80年代、2002年等四代演进的主要特点，特别从联合研制第四代基本标准GB 18871—2002的8年多难忘经历总结应汲取的经验教训，期望为不断更新放射防护基本标准同时更好发展放射防护学科等有所裨益。作为参加研制我国第三、第四代基本标准亲历者，最后抛砖引玉提出更新标准6点建议，亟盼尽快催生我国第五代放射防护基本标准以适应相关发展的迫切需求。显然，从国情出发与国际接轨，研制出科学实用、便于实施、能有的放矢解决实际问题的新基本标准势在必行。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article briefly discusses the pivotal role of the basic standards for radiological protection in promoting the development of radiological protection related disciplines. Radiological protection system outlined in the recommendations published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection( ICRP),which provide basis for developing radiological protection standards,has undergone four generations of evolution; And the International Basic Safety Standards( IBSS),jointly developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency( IAEA) and multiple international organizations,has completed three generations of evolution. This paper focuses on the main characteristics of the four generations of evolution of basic standards for radiological protection in China,including 1960,1974,1980s and 2002. Based on the more than 8 years experience in joint development of the fourth generation basic standard GB 18871—2002,valuable lessons need to be sorted out; It will be beneficial to continuously update the basic standards of radiological protection and develop the discipline of radiological protection. As a participant in the development of China ’s third and fourth generation basic standards,I would like to put forward six suggestions for updating the standards and promoting the fifth generation basic standards to meet the urgent needs of related development in China. Obviously,it is imperative to develop new basic standards that are scientifically sound,easy to implement,and able to solve practical problems in a targeted manner,based on national conditions and international standards.更多还原