【摘要】 葡萄新品种是葡萄行业发展的核心动力，也是推动育种技术革新的基石。本文围绕2019—2024年国内选育的葡萄新品种，按品种用途分类比较了新品种的果实品质。结果表明，近几年国内选育了新品种57个，其中鲜食葡萄44个(占比77.19%),酿酒葡萄5个(占比8.77%),砧木3个(占比5.27%),兼用型品种5个(占比8.77%)。品种选育方法以杂交育种为主，其中杂交选育品种47个(占比82.46%),实生选育品种8个(占比14.04%),芽变和诱变选育品种各1个。根据果肉香型分类，玫瑰香品种16个(占比28.07%),草莓香品种9个(占比15.79%),草莓香与玫瑰香混合香品种4个，青草香品种3个，李子香、紫罗兰花香、复合香品种各1个，无香味品种22个。此外，这些新品种以欧美杂种和欧亚种为主，其中无核新品种7个。这些新品种的成功选育，不仅丰富了我国的葡萄种质资源，还促进了我国葡萄产业向多元化、特色化方向迈进。本文研究结果可为葡萄育种和产业发展提供重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 New grape varieties are the core driving forces for the development of grape industry and the cornerstone for promoting technological innovation in grape breeding. In this study, the berry quality of new grape varieties bred in China from 2019 to 2024 was compared based on their utilization purposes. The results showed that 57 new grape varieties had been bred in China in recent years. Among them, there were 44 table grape varieties, accounting for 77.19%, and 5 wine grape varieties, accounting for 8.77%, and 5 rootstock varieties, accounting for 5.27%, and 5 multi-purpose varieties, accounting for 8.77%. Artificial hybridization was the dominant breeding methods, by which 47 varieties were developed(accounting for 82.46%). Eight varieties were developed through open-pollinated seedling selection(14.04%). One variety was selected through bud mutation, and one variety was developed through induced mutation. According to berry aroma, there were 16 varieties carrying muscat flavor(28.07%), nine new varieties carrying fox flavor(strawberry-like, 15.79%), four varieties carrying flavors with mixed fox and muscat flavor, three varieties carrying grass fragrance, one of each variety carrying plum fragrance, violet fragrance and compound fragrance, respectively, and the berries of 22 varieties without fragrance. In addition, these new grape varities bred in recent years were mainly European-American hybrids and Vitis vinifera, with seven seedless varieties. The successful breeding of these new varieties not only enriches China’s grape germplasm resources but also promotes the diversification and specialization of China’s grape industry. The results of this study can provide important references for grape breeding and industrial development.更多还原