【摘要】 为了分析不同末次梢成熟期对“桂味”荔枝叶片营养及成花着果的影响，2020年8月12日和9月12日分别短截末端枝梢+喷施400 mg/L乙烯利+60 mg/L烯效唑混合液杀梢，以不控梢做对照，测定在不同生长发育阶段叶片SPAD值，枝梢长度、粗度，成花着果，氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、叶绿素、硝态氮、蛋白质含量的变化，以及成熟果实品质指标。结果表明，两次控梢处理末次梢分别于9月12日、10月14日，对照(不控梢)于11月21日成熟。成熟期越早，枝梢质量越好，叶片SPAD值和叶绿素a、b含量越高。开花前(2021年2月5日),枝梢成熟期较早的叶片氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、蛋白质含量较高，硝态氮含量较低，成花生物学效应更好；而末次梢较晚老熟的枝梢，叶片未出现褪绿，叶片硝态氮含量更高，树体可能更趋于营养生长。末次秋梢在10月中旬前成熟时，成花率超过95%,单果质量17 g以上，末次秋梢10月14日成熟期的最终着果量最高，为350个。说明适当控梢提前末次梢成熟期能够促进“桂味”荔枝成花着果，具有一定的生产推广价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effects of different maturity of last shoots on leaf nutrition, flower formation and fruit setting of Guiwei litchi, terminal branches of Guiwei litchi were shortened and treated with 400 mg/L ethephon and 60 mg/L uniconazole on August 12, and September 12, 2020, to detect the changes of leaf SPAD value, shoot growth, flower formation and fruit setting, the contents of N, P, K, Ga, Mg, chlorophyll, nitrate nitrogen and protein at different growth and development stages, as well as the quality of ripe fruits, with no treatment as control. The results showed that the last shoots of these two treatments and control reached maturity on September 12, October 14 and November 21, respectively. The earlier maturity of shoots was correlated with better shoot quality, higher SPAD value and chlorophyll a and b content of leaves. Before flowering(February 5, 2021), leaves of earlier matured shoots showed higher N, P, K, Ca, Mg, protein content and lower nitrate nitrogen content, with better flowering biological effects. Later matured last shoots exhibited leaves without chlorosis symptoms, with higher nitrate-N concentrations, potentially indicating a stronger tendency toward vegetative growth. When the last autumn shoot matured before mid-October, the flowering rate reached 95%, with the single fruit weight more than 17 g. Last autumn shoots matured at October 14 had the highest final fruit set of 350.更多还原