【摘要】 “三月白”枇杷是福建省农业科学院果树研究所杂交选育的白肉枇杷新品种，具有特早熟、优质、大果、早产、丰产、稳产、易剥皮、肉质细嫩、味清甜、风味佳等优点，2021年引种到云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州屏边苗族自治县。设置采用“三月白”嫁接苗定植；及多枝组高接换种方法嫁接“三月白”接穗，以6年生“大五星”为中间砧两个处理，以6年生“大五星”为对照，2023年8月开始进行引种情况调查。结果表明，在云南省屏边县，“三月白”枇杷生长旺盛，能够快速形成丰产树冠，7月底至8月初抽穗挂果，表现出开花整齐、着果率高的特点，果实10月下旬集中成熟，全园可一次性采收。“三月白”平均单果质量27.41 g,可溶性固形物含量为14.42%,可食率78.10%,株产15.67 kg, 3年生每667 m~2产量407.42 kg。其果实剥皮易，肉质细嫩，汁多化渣，清甜爽口，风味佳，品质优。“三月白”枇杷综合性状优于对照品种“大五星”,具早结、丰产性和适应性，适宜在云南省红河州早熟产区及国内其他相似气候类型区规模化推广，可实现错季上市。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sanyuebai loquat is a new white flesh loquat hybrid bred by the Fruit Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It has the advantages of extremely-early-maturing, superior quality, large fruit, early fruiting, high yield, stable yield, easy peeling, tender flesh, pure sweet taste, and good flavor. It was introduced in Pingbian Miao Autonomous County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province in 2021 by planting grafted nursery trees and top-grafting with 6-year-old Dawuxing loquat as inter-rootstock to set up two treatments, and with 6-year-old Dawuxing loquat as control. Introduction performance was investigated in August, 2023. The results showed that in Pingbian County, Yunnan Province, Sanyubai loquat grew vigorously and was able to rapidly form a high-yielding crown. The flowering and fruit setting period was from late July to early August, showing the characteristics of uniformed blooming and high fruit setting rate. The fruits mostly matured in late October, allowing whole orchard can be harvested at one-time. The average single fruit weight of Sanyubai was 27.41 g, with soluble solid content of 14.4%, edible rate of 78.1%. The single plant yield was 15.67 kg, and the yield of 3-year-old plant was 407.42 kg per 667 m2. The fruit was easy peeling, highly juicy, with tender flesh, pure sweet taste, good flavor and superior quality. The comprehensive traits of Sanyuebai were better than that of the control variety Dawuxing, with early fruiting, high yield and strong adaptability. This variety was suitable for large-scale promotion and application in the early maturing production areas of Honghe and other similar climate regions in China, and can realize staggered seasonal marketing.更多还原