【摘要】 【目的】明确金线兰（Anoectochilus roxburghii）灰霉病的病原菌，了解其对不同金线兰种质的致病力，并筛选出适宜防治效果的杀菌剂，为其田间防治提供指导。【方法】采用组织分离法对金线兰灰霉病病原菌进行分离纯化；通过形态学结合ITS、G3PDH、HSP60与RPB2序列进化树分析鉴定其分类；通过在不同温度以及接种不同金线兰及其他兰科种质分析其致病力；采用菌丝生长速率法筛选高效杀菌剂。【结果】从三明市农业科学研究院的金线兰植株获得致病性最强的菌株A2C-1-1，接种株发病症状与田间一致。经形态学鉴定与进化树分析显示，A2C-1-1与Botrytis cinerea B05.10一致性达100%，鉴定为灰葡萄孢B. cinerea。该菌可侵染福建的主要金线兰栽培种，在25℃下致病力最强，其中金线兰红霞、德化野生金线兰病情指数较高，台湾银线兰与金线兰尖叶种病情指数较低，而其他兰科植物中铁皮石斛、南茜文心兰表现较强抗性，病情指数均为23.33，姬蝴蝶兰和建兰表现较弱抗性，病情指数分别为70.00和73.33。药剂筛选结果表明，氟硅唑和氟啶胺对金线兰灰霉病病原菌的抑制作用最强，其EC50值为2.624×10^-20 g·L^-1和1.000×10^-15 g·L-1。【结论】金线兰灰霉病由灰葡萄孢侵染引起。A2C-1-1菌株可侵染福建主要的金线兰栽培种和其他兰科植物，氟硅唑对该菌有较强抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 【 Objective】 Pathogen of and effective germicide for controlling the gray mold disease on Anoectochium roxborghil were identified. 【Method】 The tissue isolation method was applied to isolate pathogenic microbes. Based upon morphological observations and phylogenetic tree analysis on the sequences of ITS, G3PDH, HSP60, and RPB2, the isolates were classified. Pathogenicity and application conditions of germicides on various A. roxborghil germplasms were determined based on the hyphal growth rate of the isolates under the treatments. 【Results】 A2C-1-1 inoculated on an A. roxborghil plant at Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences showing identical disease symptoms in the field had the greatest pathogenicity of all pathogens isolated. The morphology and phylogenetic tree of the stain perfectly matched those of B. cinerea B05.10. It could infect the main cultivars of A. roxborghil in Fujian with the strongest pathogenicity at 25 ℃. Among various germplasms,Clematis chinensis Hongxia and C. dehuaensis displayed high disease indices, while Gladiolus taiwanensis and Orchid chinensis low; and Dendrobium officinale and O. Wenxinensis more resistant with disease indices of 23.33 and 23.33,respectively, while Phalaenopsis chinensis and O. Jianlan slightly resistant with disease indices of 70.00 and 73.33,respectively. Of the fungicides tested, flusilazole EC and fluridimide suspension exhibited the most significant inhibitory effect on B. cinerea with EC50 of 2.624×10-20g·L-1 and 1.000×10-15g·L-1, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The grey mold disease on A. roxborghil was confirmed to be caused by B. cinerea A2C-1-1. The strain could infect the main A. roxborghil cultivars as well as other orchid species in Fujian. Flusilazole EC appeared to be effective for treating the disease.更多还原