【摘要】 翅果油树是重要的木本油料树种，其种仁中油酸、亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸含量高，但目前翅果油树脂肪酸生物合成分子调控机制尚不清楚。以不同发育期翅果油树种仁为对象，采用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）和转录组学方法，解析翅果油树种仁脂肪酸含量动态变化规律及其合成与调控机制。结果表明：发育末期不饱和脂肪酸占翅果油树种仁脂肪酸总量的90%以上。其中，油酸、亚油酸含量高达56.03、56.69 mg·g^-1,分别占脂肪酸总量的42.35%、42.85%。转录组学分析表明：436个基因参与脂质代谢相关途径，其中178个基因直接参与脂肪酸生物合成，2 735个基因参与碳水化合物代谢相关途径。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）结果表明，MEturquoise模块与油酸、亚油酸含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。共表达网络分析表明，转录因子EmWRI1是翅果油树脂肪酸生物合成的重要调控因子。更多还原

【Abstract】 Elaeagnus mollis is an important woody oil species, the kernel oil of which is characterized by high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, including oleic and linoleic acids. However, the mechanisms underlying the molecular regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis in E. mollis have yet to be sufficiently determined. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to quantify the content and molecular regulation of fatty acids in E. mollis kernels at different stages of development. The results indicated that during the late stages of development, unsaturated fatty acids constituted over 90% of the total fatty acids in E. mollis kernels. Specifically, the content of oleic and linoleic acids was as high as 56.03 mg·g^-1 and 56.69 mg·g^-1, accounting for 42.35% and 42.85% of the total fatty acids, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 436 genes associated with lipid metabolism pathways, 178 genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, and 2 735 genes associated with carbohydrate metabolic pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis（WGCNA） revealed a significant positive correlation of the MEturquoise module with oleic and linoleic acid contents（P<0.05）. The co-expression network analysis indicated that EmWRI1 is an important regulator of fatty acid biosynthesis in E. mollis. The findings of this study enhance the understanding of the biosynthesis genes and key regulators of fatty acids in E. mollis. These findings are of particular scientific and practical value for the optimization of fatty acid composition and the development of high-value-added functional foods, providing a basis for further genetic breeding.更多还原