【摘要】 土壤固碳不仅可以保护土壤、提高土壤质量，还可以维持农业经济可持续发展、减缓温室效应；耕地土壤固碳潜力研究对于探究土壤有机碳平衡机理、提高耕地碳储量、确定耕地土壤培肥目标具有重要意义。该文利用土壤类型法，以河南省第二次全国土壤普查数据和2022年土壤化验分析数据为基础，估算了三门峡市不同耕地土壤类型的有机碳密度和碳储量，利用平衡法估算了土壤固碳潜力，同时运用ArcGIS空间分析方法，分析了1986-2022年河南省典型山区三门峡市耕地表层土壤有机碳的动态变化特征。结果表明：1986-2022年，三门峡市耕地表层土壤有机碳密度平均减少0.60 kg/m~2，减少值区域主要分布在灵宝市、卢氏县北部、陕州区西部；土壤有机碳储量减少1.32×10~9kg，其中，褐土的土壤有机碳储量减少最多，占到了减少总量的73%，其次为红黏土、粗骨土和棕壤；饱和水平上，三门峡市棕壤碳库在达到饱和状态时土壤有机碳密度最高，为11.86 kg/m~2，其次为褐土、黄棕壤和潮土，风沙土的土壤碳库在达到饱和状态时土壤有机碳密度最低，为0.95 kg/m~2；从1986-2022年，三门峡市耕地表层土壤有机碳年平均变化速率为-0.017 kg/(m~2·a)，土壤固碳潜力为-2.57×10~8kg，整体呈现为碳源区。潮土、黄棕壤、石质土和紫色土呈现为碳汇区，粗骨土、风沙土、褐土、红黏土、黄褐土、新积土和棕壤呈现为碳源区，土壤固碳潜力最低的土壤类型为褐土，为-1.49×10~8kg。建议采取免耕、少耕和秸秆还田相结合的农业管理措施，提高河南省土壤固碳潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil carbon sequestration can not only protect soil and improve soil quality,but also maintain the sustainable development of agricultural economy and reduce the greenhouse effect.The study on soil carbon sequestration potential of cultivated land is of great significance for exploring the mechanism of soil organic carbon balance,improving the carbon storage of cultivated land and determining the target of soil fertilizer cultivation.Based on the data of the Second National Soil Census in Henan Province and the data of soil laboratory analysis in 2022,this study estimated the organic carbon density and carbon storage of different cultivated soil types in Sanmenxia City by using the soil type method,and estimated the potential of soil carbon sequestration by using the balance method and ArcGIS spatial analysis.The dynamic change characteristics of soil organic carbon in cultivated land in Sanmenxia City from 1986 to 2022 were analyzed.The results showed that the average soil organic carbon density of cultivated land decreased by 0.6 kg/m~2 during 1986-2022,and the decrease areas mainly distributed in Lingbao City,the north of Lusi County and the west of Shaanxi District.Soil organic carbon storage decreased by 1.316 Tg.The soil organic carbon storage of brown soil decreased the most,accounting for 73% of the total reduction,followed by red clay,coarse bone soil and brown soil.At the saturation level,the soil organic carbon density was the highest when the brown soil carbon pool reached the saturation state,which was 11.86 kg/m~2,followed by brown soil,yellow brown soil and tidal soil.When the soil carbon pool of aeolian sand reaches saturation state,the soil organic carbon density is the lowest,which is 0.95 kg/m~2.From 1986 to 2022,the average annual change rate of surface soil organic carbon was0.017 kg/(m~2·a),and the soil carbon sequestration potential was-0.257 Tg,showing a carbon source region as a whole.The aquic soil,yellow brown soil,stony soil and purple soil are carbon sink areas,while the coarse bone soil,aeolian sand soil,brown soil,red clay,yellow brown soil,new sediment soil and brown soil are carbon source areas.Among them,the soil type with the lowest carbon sequestration potential was brown soil,which was-0.149 Tg.It is suggested that agricultural management measures combining no-tillage,less tillage or straw returning should be adopted to improve soil carbon sequestration potential in Henan Province.更多还原