【摘要】 为研究多模块撞击模拟近区爆炸加载，针对近爆荷载形式的特点，建立了适用于近区板结构表面荷载的计算方法。考虑到近区冲击波不可忽略的球面传播特性，在冲量等效准则基础上对撞击模块进行了离散化处理，计算了任意排列多模块撞击参数的分布规律。为保证撞击与近爆荷载正压持续时间的一致性，构建了撞击系统简化模型，进一步提出了多模块撞击试验初始参数的确定方法。研究结果表明，在比例距离0.2～1 m/kg^1/3范围内，对离散模块荷载分布的预测结果能够有效反映近区爆炸的球面特性，与相关文献近爆实测数据及美国UFC预测图表吻合较好。同时，提出的近爆条件与撞击初始参数的定量转换方法在理论上满足球面荷载分布规律和正压持续时间匹配。更多还原

【Abstract】 To simulate close-in blast loading through multi-module impact, a computational method for estimating surface loads on plate structures in close proximity to explosions was developed, accounting for the characteristics of close-in blast load distribution. Considering the non-negligible spherical propagation characteristics of shock waves in the near field, the impact modules were discretized based on the impulse equivalence criterion, and the distribution patterns of impact parameters for arbitrarily arranged multi-module systems were calculated. To ensure consistency between the impact duration and the positive-phase duration of near-blast loads, a simplified model of the impact system was constructed, and a method for determining the initial parameters of multi-module impact tests was further proposed. The results indicate that within the scaled distance range of 0.2～1 m/kg^1/3, the predicted distribution of discrete module loads effectively reflects the spherical characteristics of close-in blasts and shows good agreement with empirical near-blast data from relevant literature and the UFC prediction charts. Additionally, the proposed quantitative conversion method between near-blast conditions and impact initial parameters theoretically satisfies both the spherical load distribution law and the matching requirement for positive-phase duration.更多还原