【摘要】 秸秆饲料化是秸秆资源化的一种有效方式，同时也是缓解我国饲料资源不足，降低养殖成本的有效途径。瘤胃微生物赋予牛羊消化利用木质纤维素的能力，是饲用酶开发的基因宝库。基于瘤胃微生物的木质纤维素酶基因资源，通过合成生物学驱动的酶工程和菌群设计，创制高性能木质纤维素解聚酶细胞工厂，实现秸秆生物质蛋白饲料的生产是秸秆饲料转化增值的重要路径之一。为此，文章就元基因组学、元转录组学、元蛋白组学及微生物组单细胞组学在挖掘瘤胃微生物酶基因资源中的作用，瘤胃源碳水化合物活性酶表征率和高性能木质纤维素解聚酶细胞工厂创制策略展开综述，以期为基于瘤胃微生物资源创制新型饲用酶制剂，提升秸秆饲料转化增值提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Converting crop straw into animal feed represents a practical strategy for straw resource utilization, simultaneously addressing feed resource shortages and reducing livestock production costs in China. Rumen microorganisms, which enable cattle and sheep to digest and utilize lignocellulose, serve as a valuable genetic reservoir for developing feed enzymes. Leveraging the lignocellulolytic gene resources from rumen microorganisms, the creation of high-performance lignocellulose depolymerase cell factories through synthetic biology-driven enzyme engineering and microbial consortium design-toward producing strawderived protein biomass feed-represents a pivotal pathway for value-added straw feed transformation. This review synthesizes the roles of metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and single-cell microbiome omics in mining rumen microbial enzyme gene resources, discusses the characterization of rumen-derived carbohydrateactive enzymes, and outlines strategies for constructing high-performance lignocellulose depolymerase cell factories. The goal is to provide insights for developing novel feed enzyme preparations based on rumen microbial resources and enhancing the value-added conversion of straw into feed.更多还原