【摘要】 目的 探究太原市大气细颗粒物(PM_2.5)对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD）患者短期肺功能的影响。方法 回顾性选取太原市2021年12月至2023年12月5家综合医院呼吸内科收治的1 015例老年COPD患者进行研究；分析病历资料、大气污染物资料及气象资料；分析PM_2.5与肺功能指标及空气污染物的关系；分析PM_2.5对肺功能的影响及滞后效应；分析PM_2.5浓度在不同滞后日下对肺通气功能障碍风险的累积效应；分析性别、年龄对PM_2.5与患者短期肺功能之间关系的影响作用。结果 PM_2.5、可吸入颗粒物(PM₁₀)、二氧化硫（SO₂）、一氧化碳（CO）与平均温度、平均湿度间呈负相关（P<0.05）;二氧化氮（NO₂）、臭氧（O₃）与平均温度间呈负相关（P<0.05）;PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、CO、NO₂、O₃之间呈正相关（P<0.05）;PM_2.5升高是肺功能降低，空气污染物升高的独立危险因素（P<0.05）;在lag0和lag1,PM_2.5浓度与肺功能呈剂量反应负相关（P<0.05）;日均PM_2.5浓度在lag0是危险效应（P<0.05）。结论 PM_2.5浓度对肺功能影响有一定的时间滞后性。PM_2.5浓度增加可导致肺功能下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of fine particulate matter(PM_2.5) in Taiyuan City on short-term pulmonary function in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods Among the 1 015 elderly COPD patients admitted to the respiratory departments of five general hospitals in Taiyuan City from December 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively selected for research; medical records, air pollutant data and meteorological data were analyzed; the relationship between PM_2.5 and lung function indicators and air pollutants was analyzed; the impact of PM_2.5 on lung function and its lag effect were analyzed; the cumulative effect of PM_2.5 concentration on the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was analyzed; The influence of gender and age on the relationship between PM_2.5 and patients ′short-term pulmonary function was analyzed. Results PM_2.5,respirable particulate matter(PM₁₀),sulfur dioxide（SO₂）,carbon monoxide（CO） were negatively correlated with average temperature and average humidity（P<0.05）;Nitrogen dioxide（NO₂）,ozone（O₃） were negatively correlated with average temperature（P<0.05）;There was a positive correlation among PM_2.5,PM₁₀,SO₂,CO,NO₂,and O₃（P<0.05）;Elevated PM_2.5 is an independent risk factor for decreased lung function and increased air pollutants（P<0.05）;At lag0 and lag1,PM_2.5 concentration was negatively correlated with lung function in a dose-response manner（P<0.05）;daily average PM_2.5 concentration at lag0 was a dangerous effect（P<0.05）. Conclusion The impact of PM_2.5 concentration on lung function has a certain time lag.An increase in PM_2.5 concentrations can lead to a decline in lung function.更多还原